Bilateral Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Block in a Patient on Antiplatelet Drugs

A 63 year old male hypertensive and diabetic patient, with coronary artery and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, presented with bilateral both bone forearm fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation was done successfully with bilateral ultrasound guided supraclavicular block. The problems associated with peripheral nerve block in an Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) patient on antiplatelet therapy are discussed

Iodide recognition by the N,N-bis-succinamide-based dendritic molecule [CH(2)C(O)NHC(CH(2)CH(2)C(O)OtBu)(3)](2)

Ion selective membrane electrode doped with amide functionalized dendritic [CH(2)C(O)NHC(CH(2)CH(2)C(O)OtBu)(3)](2) macromolecule was evaluated as anion sensor. The ability of the membrane has been explored by incorporating it into a plasticized PVC matrix on glassy carbon electrode. The effects of membrane composition, pH and the influence of anion additives, and also the nature of the plasticizers on the response characteristics of the electrode were investigated. The resulting electrode exhibits an anti-Hofmeister selectivity pattern with remarkable specificity towards iodide over other lipophilic inorganic anions. The optimum membrane composition for best potentiometric performance was achieved with a DPE-plasticized membrane (DPE=diphenyl ether) doped with 15%TBAB (TBAB = tetrabutyl ammonium bromide), suggesting that the ionophore operates via a neutral carrier mechanism. It has a linear response to iodide with a detection limit of 4.46 x 10(-7) M and a slope of 59.6 mV/decade, a satisfactory reproducibility and a rapid response time. The selectivity coefficients for I(-) towards interferences from ClO(4)(-), NO(3)(-) and Cl(-) were estimated to be K(Ranion)(pot) = 1.25 x 10(-4), 1.99 x 10(-4) and 7.94 x 10(-5), respectively. Application of the electrode to the potentiometric titration of iodide ion with silver nitrate is also reported. (C) 200

Exfoliated graphite–ruthenium oxide composite electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors

The performance of exfoliated graphite (EG)–ruthenium oxide (RuOx) composites as binderless electrodes is evaluated for electrochemical capacitors (ECs). A composite of EG–RuOx is prepared by a modified sol–gel process. The material is characterized using X-ray diffraction and microscopy. Electrochemical capacitors with the composite electrodes in the presence of aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolyte are evaluated using voltammetry, impedance and charge–discharge studies. Cyclic voltammetry reveals very stable current–voltage behaviour up to several thousands of cycles, as well as high specific capacitances, e.g., a few hundreds of farads per gram for the composite that contains 16.5 wt.% RuOx

Synthesis of phthalocyanine stabilized rhodium nanoparticles and their application in biosensing of cytochrome c

A single step synthesis route is described for the preparation of rhodium nanoparticles using a cobalt aminophthalocyanine macrocyclic complex as a stabilizer. The results of nanoparticles characterization using electronic absorption, Raman and X-ray spectroscopes as well as transmission electron microscopy are reported. Rhodium nanoparticle modified electrode behavior as examined by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry is also provided. The nanoparticles were found to be well dispersed and stabilized throughout the macromolecular matrix. TEM studies showed that they have an average diameter of 3 to 5 nm with spherical shape. The colloidal rhodium was then used for electrochemical sensing of cytochrome c using glassy carbon electrode. The results showed that the colloidal rhodium nanoparticles enhanced the electron transfer process between cytochrome c and the electrode. Differential pulse voltammetric measurements of cytochrome c at the colloidal rhodium nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode showed a linear relationship with the oxidation peak currents in the concentration range of 100 nM to 3 mu M of cytochrome c. (C) 200

A Comparative Study of Epidural, Bupivacaine with Buprenorphine and Bupivacaine with Fentanyl in Lower Limb Surgeries

Abstract Backgroun

Effect of porosity on PVdF-co-HFP-PMMA-based electrolyte

A novel MPPBEM based on PVdF-co-HFP–PMMA was prepared with a preferential polymer dissolution process. The $N_2$ gas adsorption/desorption and SEM analysis were used to reveal the porous structure of the polymer matrix and attain the maximum pore size in the range of 251 nm. AC-impedance spectroscopy measurement was carried out to investigate the ionic conductivity of MPPBEMs and achieved a maximum ionic conductivity of $10.23 \times 10^{-3} S cm^{-1}$ at room temperature. The lithium transference numbers of MPPBEMs were measured using the DC-polarization method coupled withAC-impedance spectra are found to be above 0.639. Finally, the electrode/electrolyte interfacial resistance was evaluated by monitoring the impedance response at different time intervals