STUDY OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF CHENOPODIUM AMBROSIOIDES L. AND ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L.

Objective: This work looks at the valuation of two medicinal plants growing wild in the region of Gharb (Chenopodium ambrosioides L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L.) through the study of their antibacterial and antifungal effects vis-à-vis Xanthomonas fragariae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and two fungal strains; Fusarium solani and Botrytis cinerea. Methods: The extraction of essential oils from each plant was carried out by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus. The antibacterial and antifungal tests of essential oils are carried out according to the method of diffusion using sterile discs (or aromatograms). Results are expressed in inhibition areas. Results: Antibacterial activity of essential oil of R. officinalis L. is best compared to that of C. ambrosioides L. with an area of inhibition that is shared by 1661.06 and 1384.74, respectively, for bacteria X. fragariae and P. aeruginosa, while this area is between 2122.64 and 2826 mm2 for F. solani and B. cinerea. Moreover, the essential oils of these two plants by the method of disk diffusion feature a very significant inhibitory effect on X. fragariae and P. aeruginosa, whereas they have no effect on S. aureus. Conclusion: The essential oils of C. ambrosioides L. and R. officinalis L. could be used as preservatives in food, to protect them from microbial or fungal spoilage

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil, Phenolic Compounds Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Cistus monspeliensis from Northern Morocco

Currently, oxidative stress is one of the major problems that threatens human health. It is at the root of many diseases such as cancer. Despite the enormous efforts provided to combat this scourge, oxidative stress is still relevant and hence comes the need for research of new remedies especially from natural origin. For this purpose, the study of the antioxidant activity of extracts of Cistus monspeliensis from Morocco is a principal research objective. The phenolic extracts were obtained by maceration of the plant in a water/acetone mixture and then separated by liquid/liquid extraction with solvents of increasing polarity. The first phytochemical tests carried out on these extracts showed the existence of different families of phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, and others. Assays for total polyphenols, flavonoids, hydrolysable, and condensed tannins were carried out by known colorimetric methods. The results of these assays have shown that the studied extracts are rich in phenolic compounds present in the plant in the form of flavonoids (69.81 ± 0.22 mg EQ/g DM), hydrolysable tannins (61.86 ± 0.89 mg ETA/g DM), and condensed tannins (70.05 ± 1.61 mg EC/g DM). The evaluation of the antioxidant activity is carried out by two different methods: the DPPH test (2,2-DiPhenyl-1-Picryl-Hydrazyl) and the FRAP test (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power). The results obtained show that the extracts of Cistus monspeliensis are active and have interesting antioxidant powers. In particular, the water/acetone (WAE) (IC50 = 0.079 mg/mL) and butanolic (BUE) (IC0.5 = 0.099 mg/mL) extracts are the most active with values comparable to that of ascorbic acid. The interesting results obtained in this study clearly show that Cistus monspeliensis originating from Morocco can be considered as a source of natural antioxidants. Therefore, the extracts of this plant deserve to be tested in the medicinal field, against cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and in food field as an additive and preservative

Antioxidant activity of Haloxylon scoparium alkaloid extracts from Figuig region (southeastern of Morocco)

The aim of this paper is to study the chemical composition of alkaloids present in Haloxylon scoparium Pomel extracts and to evaluate their antioxidant capacity. The alkaloids were isolated from two parts of Haloxylon scoparium plant by two extraction protocols. and The quantitative study made it possible to propose the best protocol for the extraction of the alkaloids. Moreover, GC-MS analysis of alkaloid extracts allowed us to determine their chemical composition. Haloxylon scoparium contains four types of alkaloids: tetraisoquinolines, phenylethylamines, tryptolines and tryptamines. The main compounds are the tetraisoquinolines type, the predominant product of which was N-methylsalsoline. These compounds present a great interest for the researchers due to their various pharmacological and biological activities. The antioxidant effect of the different plant extracts was studied by two methods: the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical (DPPH·) scavenging tests. The results show that extracts of root part are more active than those from aerial part; the acetone/water extract is the most powerful. The interesting results obtained in this study will be supplemented by other analyses and biological tests in order to better valorize this plant