The sexual difference around hetero-sexism and queerness; philosophical-sociological perspectives

The following pages are intended to show why sexual difference constitutes a category that surpasses both the traditional hetero-normative model and the postmodern multiplication of infinite self-determined genders. Both false alternatives are founded on a dualistic framework that separates and excludes some kind of fixed and eternal abstract entities, on the one hand, and on the other, finite signifiers that are increasingly fragmented. Sexual difference, on the contrary, allows us to posit the self-differing and immanent multiplicity of each sex without the need to reify or eliminate them

Esophagogastrectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia: A comparison of findings and results after standard resection in three consecutive eight-year intervals with improved staging criteria

AbstractObjective: A review of findings and results after standard resection for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia without neoadjuvant therapy was done to provide a basis for comparison with current reports of radical resection and neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: A 24-year experience on one surgical service with 454 operations for carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia was reviewed. A comparison of findings and results in three consecutive 8-year intervals was analyzed, and new staging criteria were developed and compared with those currently favored by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. Results: From January 1, 1970, to January 1, 1994, 454 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus or cardia underwent operation, of whom 408 (90%) had esophagogastrectomy with a 30-day mortality rate of 2.5% and an additional hospital mortality rate of 1.2%. Of the 121 complications (30.7%), 71 (18%) were major and 50 (12.7%) were minor. Cardiovascular complications predominated. The overall 5-year survival was 24.7%, with a 33.7% survival after complete resections in the most recent interval under study. Palliation of dysphagia was achieved in nearly 80% of patients who survived the operation. During the three intervals under review, resectability, mortality, and complication rates remained constant. The percentages of left thoracotomies and transhiatal resections increased, and there was a decrease in thoracoabdominal incisions. The percentages of patients with Barrett's esophagus and stage 0 and I tumors increased. The percentage of complete resections (R0) increased, whereas that for resections with residual microscopic tumor (R1) decreased, and there was no change in the percentage of patients with residual gross tumor after resection (R2). Modified WNM staging criteria are proposed that provide better prognostic stratification of the disease than those currently favored by The American Joint Committee on Cancer. Conclusions: Standard esophagogastrectomy is applicable in 90% of patients with operable carcinoma of the esophagus or cardia, with consistently low mortality and morbidity rates and satisfactory palliation of dysphagia. The 5-year survival (24.7% overall) remains suboptimal, but the current figure for complete resections (33.7%) is encouraging. There is a need for revision of the current American Joint Committee on Cancer staging criteria. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;113:836-48

The sexual difference around hetero-sexism and queerness; philosophical-sociological perspectives [La diferencia sexual a la vuelta del hetero-sexismo y la queerness; perspectivas filosofico-sociologicas]

The following pages are intended to show why sexual difference constitutes a category that surpasses both the traditional hetero-normative model and the postmodern multiplication of infinite self-determined genders. Both false alternatives are founded on a dualistic framework that separates and excludes some kind of fixed and eternal abstract entities, on the one hand, and on the other, finite signifiers that are increasingly fragmented. Sexual difference, on the contrary, allows us to posit the self-differing and immanent multiplicity of each sex without the need to reify or eliminate them. © 2021, Slovenska Vzdelavacia Obstaravacia. All rights reserved

Surgical treatments for esophageal cancers

The following, from the 12th OESO World Conference: Cancers of the Esophagus, includes commentaries on the role of the nurse in preparation of esophageal resection (ER); the management of patients who develop high-grade dysplasia after having undergone Nissen fundoplication; the trajectory of care for the patient with esophageal cancer; the influence of the site of tumor in the choice of treatment; the best location for esophagogastrostomy; management of chylous leak after esophagectomy; the optimal approach to manage thoracic esophageal leak after esophagectomy; the choice for operational approach in surgery of cardioesophageal crossing; the advantages of robot esophagectomy; the place of open esophagectomy; the advantages of esophagectomy compared to definitive chemoradiotherapy; the pathologist report in the resected specimen; the best way to manage patients with unsuspected positive microscopic margin after ER; enhanced recovery after surgery for ER: expedited care protocols; and long-term quality of life in patients following esophagectomy

Video-assisted thoracic surgery―the past, present status and the future

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has developed very rapidly in these two decades, and has replaced conventional open thoracotomy as a standard procedure for some simple thoracic operations as well as an option or a complementary procedure for some other more complex operations. In this paper we will review its development history, the present status and the future perspectives