On Policy Evaluation with Aggregate Time-Series Shocks

We propose a new algorithm for estimating treatment effects in contexts where the exogenous variation comes from aggregate time-series shocks. Our estimator combines data-driven unit-level weights with a time-series model. We use the unit weights to control for unobserved aggregate confounders and use the time-series model to extract the quasi-random variation from the observed shock. We examine our algorithm's performance in a realistic simulation based on Nakamura and Steinsson [2014]. We provide statistical guarantees for our estimator in a practically relevant regime, where both cross-sectional and time-series dimensions are large and show how to use it to conduct robust inference

Creep gantry quay and accounting environment in its reconstruction

Quay gantry type calculates in the technical literature in the form of a frame with  hard rigel  and rigid stopping up of piles. To account for long-term durability of the structures in the plastic clay soils in the existing scheme is additionally used the equation of state of a Newtonian viscous fluid. In Its uses the coefficient of shear viscosity.The author used the proposed of the early engineering universal method of calculating berthing quays with respect to the thin walls,    secured of anchor piles. In the design scheme not used lower  secured racks, and counts up the stiffness characteristics of the soil, clarifying the nature of the work structures.To account for the operation of facilities in the plastic clay soils in the proposed scheme uses a different equation of state of a Newtonian viscous fluid. It uses the ratio of the coefficient of viscosity in compression of porous soil (coefficient of Trutona).This allows us to consider how long-term strength and displacement of the structure in time.Considers the issues of contamination and turbidity in the reconstruction of the gantry bulwark

Numerical simulation of the reconstruction bank-protection type grillage on canals and rivers of St. Petersburg

Abstract - Reconstruction of urban waterfronts in St. Petersburg, built in the beginning of the last century, is relevant. In the technical literature and departmental document each type of mooring hydraulic structure has its own method of calculation. Shown  the practical implementation of engineering universal method of calculating berthing quays. The proposed generalized model piles in the soil, which under the action of horizontal load rotates as a rigid body and at the same time bends as a flexible rod. Kind of movement depends on the flexural rigidity of the piles and stiffness of the soil. The position of the elastic line of the pile depends on the nature of the upper sealing.  The stiffness of soil from the entire cycle, the load on the piles is determined from the сurve the load‒ displacemen

Numerical simulation of urban berthing quays in a dense housing

Calculation of pile quay gantry type as a frame with rigid crossbarand a rigid beam, is a special case of the decision method, presented by N. Gersevanov. This method was widely used in the technical literature and regulatory documents. Translation of manual calculation on the computer almost retained the existing design scheme.Practical implementation of the engineering universal method offered early to calculation of mooring embankments in relation to a thin wall, is given by anchored inclined piles. In the calculation scheme bottom sealing is not used, and entered stiffness characteristics of the soil, clarifying the nature of the work structure.The obtained simplified solution determines the lateral pressure in the silo variable width. Engineering calculations showed that pressure is redistributed on the sheet pilling wall and  the inclined piles  from external soil pressure.Comparative calculations, taking into account the deformation characteristics of the soil showed a significant impact on efforts in the elements of the embankment compared to method N. Gersevanov

Marktwirtschaft in der Sowjetunion: Stand nach sechs Perestroika-Jahren

Nach sechs Reformjahren unter Gorbatschow wurde nicht nur von der politischen Führung anerkannt, sondern auch von den Durchschnittsbürgern verstanden, daß die früher gehaßte kapitalistische Wirtschaft viel effektiver als das sozialistische Plansystem funktioniert. In diesen Jahren wurde dabei aber offiziell niemals von der vollständigen Übernahme der westlichen Wirtschaftsordnung gesprochen. Man hat versucht, immer weiter einen dritten Weg zu finden: bald war er ganz wenig von der Zentralverwaltungswirtschaft entfernt, bald waren wesentliche Gedanken von L. Erhard mit einbezogen. Das Ziel der Verknüpfung der Marktwirtshaft mit den sozialistischen (im Sinne von Marx und Lenin) Idealen bleibt aber heutzutage nicht nur in der kommunistischen Partei, sondern auch in den zentralen legislativen und exekutiven Gremien weiter bestehen

Approximation of *weak-to-norm continuous mappings

The purpose of this paper is to study the approximation of vector valued mappings defined on a subset of a normed space. We investigate Korovkin-type conditions under which a given sequence of linear operators becomes a so-called approximation process. First, we give a sufficient condition for this sequence to approximate the class of bounded, uniformly continuous functions. Then we present some sufficient and necessary conditions guaranteeing the approximation within the class of unbounded, *weak-to-norm continuous mappings. We also derive some estimates of the rate of convergence.Comment: 13 page

Effect of irradiation and thermal annealing on quartz materials luminescence

X-ray and gamma-quanta irradiation of radiation-resistant quartz materials including natural and synthetic quartz crystals and high-purity quartzite causes the luminescence in the ultraviolet range (365 nm), thermally stimulated luminescence and radiofrequency electromagnetic emission. Preliminary radiation and thermal annealing improves luminescence properties of quartz materials