Numerical Simulations of Axisymmetric Flows in Astrophysics and their Visualization by a Video Movie

Numerical simulations of axisymmetric flow in four different astrophysical situations are performed, and their results are visualized by using a video movie. The situations considered are : 1) an accretion flow on to a gravitating compact object allowing maximum accrection ; 2) a jet formation in a flow past a gravitating rigid sphere ; 3) an interaction between a supersonic wind from a central object and a uniform supersonic incident flow ; 4) a wind bubble formed by spherical supersonic wind. The video tape of VHS/NTSC format is available from the author

Sentinel-1 data to support monitoring deforestation in tropical humid forests

In recent years, methodologies for deforestation detection that use satellite data have been developed, primarily using optical data, which cannot detect deforestation in the presence of clouds. In this paper, we discuss a methodology developed to detect deforestation using Sentinel-1 data and that aims to complement typical early warning system based on optical satellite images such as one the Peruvian Government employs. The methodology was applied in three pilot areas in the tropical humid forest of Peru. Sentinel-1 data were acquired in Interferometric Wide Swath (IW) mode and VH polarization. We use a Gamma-Map filter to reduce the speckle noise, and the average of 3 chrono-sequentially continuous images to reduce the multi-temporal variation of the forest backscattering. This produced 6 time series for each pilot area. For the detection of deforestation, we used an algorithm based on the difference and ratio between the images before and after deforestation. The accuracy assessment revealed a user’s accuracy greater than 95%. We also made a multitemporal comparison between our results and the early warning tropical forest loss alerts that use only Landsat data, which showed that until the end of the study period 33.26% of the deforestation we detected was not detected by the early warning alerts that use Landsat data