Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Isolated Side Branch Coronary Artery Disease

The data with respect to stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) are mainly confined to main vessel disease. However, there is a lack of information and long-term outcomes regarding isolated side branch disease. This study aimed to evaluate long-term major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in patients with isolated side branch coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 437 patients with isolated side branch SCAD were included. After a median follow-up of 38 months, the overall MACCE and all-cause mortality rates were 14.6% and 5.9%, respectively. Among angiographic features, 68.2% of patients had diagonal artery and 82.2% had ostial lesions. In 28.8% of patients, the vessel diameter was >= 2.75 mm. According to the American College of Cardiology lesion classification, 84.2% of patients had either class B or C lesions. Age, ostial lesions, glycated hemoglobin A1c, and neutrophil levels were independent predictors of MACCE. On the other hand, side branch location, vessel diameter, and lesion complexity did not affect outcomes. Clinical risk factors seem to have a greater impact on MACCE rather than lesion morphology. Therefore, the treatment of clinical risk factors is of paramount importance in these patients

Effects of ECE-1b rs213045 and rs2038089 polymorphisms on the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Objective Endothelin-1 (ET-1) promotes the progression and induction of sclerotic renal changes in end-stage kidney disease. Membrane-bound endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1) is involved in the production of ET-1. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ECE-1b rs213045 and rs2038089 polymorphisms, which have been shown to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and nephropathy, on the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods Our study included 38 patients with CI-AKI (CI-AKI[+]) and 55 patients without CI-AKI (CI-AKI[-]) who had coronary syndrome. The ECE-1b polymorphisms rs213045 and rs2038089 were assessed using real-time PCR. Serum ET-1 levels were measured by ELISA. Results The distributions of ECE-1b rs213045 and rs2038089 polymorphisms were similar between the two groups. Additionally, the serum ET-1 level did not different between the groups and was not associated with the ECE-1b polymorphisms. Peri-procedural low systolic blood pressure (SBP) was identified as a risk factor for CI-AKI development. Conclusion Our findings indicate that ECE-1b rs213045 and rs2038089 polymorphisms are not associated with CI-AKI development and that peri-procedural low SBP is a risk factor for CI-AKI. However, variations in ECE-1b rs2038089 may contribute to the development of CI-AKI