Research on yield, essential oil, contents and components of mint (Mentha) species in different ecologies [Farkli ekolojilerde nane (Mentha) türlerinin verim ile uçucu yag oran ve bileşenlerinin araştirilmasi]

Mint oil demand is met by imports in Turkey. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine yields and essential oil contents and components of different Mentha piperita cultivars (M. piperita Ucrainica, M. piperita Mitcham, M. piperita Bulgaristan 36. M. piperita Multimentha. M. piperita Prilubskaja-I) and Mentha species (M. arvensis var. piperascens (L.), M. aquatics. M. spicata ssp. spicata) in Adana and Pozanti ecological conditions over two years. In Adana, they were harvested twice in the first year and once in the second year. In Pozanti. they were harvested once in both years. The total fresh herbage, dry herbage and dry leaf yields in Adana varied from 512.5-4053.8 kg/da. 116.5-1051.8 kg/da and 34.6-431.1 kg/da, respectively. M. piperita Bulgaristan 36 gave the highest herbage yield. In Pozanti. total yields were lower than those of Adana. fresh and dry herbage and dry leaf yields varied from 115.6-678.1, 57.6-322.5 and 17.0-133.0 kg/da, respectively. Essential oil contents varied between 1.57% and 6.29% and were higher than that of pharmacopoeia because of the high temperature, but only M. arvensis had the highest menthol contents (66.2-72.29%) in both years and locations. The menthol contents of Mentha piperita cultivars varied from 6.23% to 40.47%. The carvone content in oil of M. spicata ssp. spicata ranged from 39.38% to 69.41%

Effect of different row distances on some agronomical characteristics and essential oil composition of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

The study reports determination of appropriate row distances and its effect on agronomical characteristics and essential oil composition of cumin. The results indicated that the highest yields in terms of seed and essential oil were obtained from 20 and 30 cm row distances. Essential oil content ranged between 2.42 and 3.20 %. p-mentha-1,4-dien-7-al content was determined with range of 16.46-27.73 %

The effects of different nitrogen doses on Artemisia annua L.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different nitrogen doses (0, 6, 12 and 18 kg/da) on the plant parameters, yields and quality of Artemisia annua L. ecotype from Adana, Turkey. A two-year experiment was conducted between 1996-1998 under Adana ecological conditions. During this study, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, fresh herb yield (kg/da), dry herb yield (kg/da), dry leaf yield (kg/da), essential oil content (%) essential oil yield (1/da), artemisinin content (%), and artemisinin yield (kg/da) were investigated, The results indicated that application of different N doses statistically affected the essential oil content and oil yield only the first year of the study. But artemisinin content and yield were not significantly affected. © 2002 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved

Determination of the best herbage yield and hypericin content of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) under semi arid climatic conditions

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times, it contains several natural products with noteworthy biological activities. There is no clear information about harvesting time yield and yield components of St. John's Wort as the plants are collected from wild. Therefore, this research aimed to determine ontogenetic (pre-flowering, full flowering and post-flowering periods) and morphogenetic (bottom, middle and top parts) variations in herb yield and hypericin content of St. John's Wort under Diyarbakir ecological conditions during the 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07 growing seasons. Fresh and dry herb yield, dry leaf yield and hypericin content were recorded. Ontogenetic x morphogenetic interaction resulted in statistically significant effects on yield characteristics and hypericin contents. The plant was not harvested during the seedling year; whereas fresh herb yields in second and third year ranged 2721 to 5607 kg ha-1 and 2196 to 3955 kg ha-1 respectively; while dry leaf yield in the second year varied ranged 323 to 1555 kg ha-1 and in the third year 161 to 928 kg ha-1, hypericin content in the second and third year varied between 0.022 to 0.093% and 0.018 to 0.065% depending on parts of the plant. Hypericin content varied according to different parts of the plant, and the maximum value of 0.093% was obtained from the top part of the plants at the full flowering period. The results showed that there is a relationship between dry leaf yield and hypericin content of the plant parts and development stages of the plant

Domestication and determination of yield and quality aspects of wild Mentha species growing in southern Turkey

3rd IUPAC International Conference on Biodiversity -- NOV 03-08, 2001 -- ANTALYA, TURKEYWOS: 000182604800023…Int Union Pure & Appl Che

The effect of dye plant amounts on color and color fastness of wool yarns

Walnut, sumac, pomegranate, madder and oak are plants widely used in natural dying. In order to measure fastness degree of wool dyed with these plants, dying were made by using mordant of alum. So, plant organs crushed at the weight of 25%, 50%, 100% and 200% of wool weight were used. Dark colors were determined at all samples with which plant two times of wool weight were used. However, as dye concentration increased, rubbing and washing fastness in wools decreased; whereas wet water dropping fastness increased. Dry water dropping fastness obtained from all concentration were found to be high (4-5)

A comprehensive study on safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) in semi-arid conditions

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a multipurpose oilseed crop grown mainly for production of high quality edible oil rich in polyunsaturated acids. It is widely grown in semi-arid and arid regions of the world. The present study reports effects of 3 petal collecting times when 50, 75 and 100% flower heads were opened, on dyestuff content, oil content and fatty acids composition of safflower. It was observed that besides petal collecting time, plant height, first branch height, number of heads per plant, dry petal yield and 1000 seed weight were affected by the changes in environmental factors and cultivars. Total dyestuff was not affected by environmental conditions, cultivars or petals collecting time. Whereas, number of branches per plant, heads per plant, head diameter, number of seeds per head, seed yield per plant, seed yield kg ha-1, and fatty oil contents were cultivar dependent and largely influenced by the variations in environment during two years of experiment. Longer plants, greater number of heads per plant, dry petal yield, total dyestuff, number of branches per plant, larger heads and seed yield kg ha-1 and 1000 seed weight was recorded during 2004–05 with significantly higher rains. In general, cultivar Dincer was more productive compared to cv. Yenice and 5–154 in terms of dry petal yield and total dyestuff whereas cv. 5–154 was more productive in terms of seed yield and fatty oil contents. The seed yield and fatty oil percentage of the safflower cultivars ranged from 1706 to 3111 kg ha-1 and 26.1 to 35.1%, respectively with the highest seed yield and fatty oil percentage in cv. Dincer. Major constituents of fatty oil were linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid, which ranged 41.0–60.1%, 24.5–44.7% and 11.3–16.0%, respectively. © 2008 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

Effects of sowing periods and P application rates on yield and oil composition of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.)

The study reports effects of winter and spring sowings and 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 triple superphosphate (P) application on yield, yield components and fatty acid composition of black cumin during 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 at Diyarbakir, Turkey. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were extracted from the reaction vials with hexane. The GC (gas chromatography) analysis was carried out by means of a Varian 3400 apparatus equipped with Supelcowax-10 fused silica capillary column. The results showed that vegetative growth period was the major and meteorological conditions and P doses were the minor factors controlling yield components; such that winter sowing resulted in maximum seed yield (1037 to 1534 kg ha-1), fatty oil content (30.2 to 37.9%) and essential oil content (0.31 to 0.56%). Major constituents of fatty oil were determined as linoleic, palmitic and oleic acid. The percentage of linoleic acid was determined between 43.34 and 51.50%

The effects of different plant densities on yield, yield components and quality of Artemisia annua L. ecotypes

This study was conducted between 1997 and 1998 at Çukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture to determine the effects of different plant densities (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 plants/m2) on yield and yield components and quality of Artemisia annua L. ecotypes (Adana, Samankaya and Serinyol from Turkey). In the study, the plant height (cm), fresh weight (kg/da), dry weight (kg/da), dry leaf weight (kg/da), essential oil content (%), essential oil yield (1/da), artemisinin content (%), and artemisinin yield (kg/da) of ecotypes were investigated. The results of this study showed that the highest essential oil content and the highest essential oil yield were found in the Samankaya ecotype when planted at 15 plants/m2. However, the highest artemisinin content and highest artemisinin yield were found in the Serinyol ecotype when planted at 15 plants/m2. © 2002 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved