Characterization of Mechanical Properties for Creep-fatigued Ferritic Heat-resisting Steel by Nano-indentation

AbstractCreep-fatigue test was conducted for a ferritic heat-resisting steel that contained 12mass%chromium and 2mass% tungsten. The creep-fatigue fracture originated from prior austenite grain boundaries. Subgrains neighboring the prior austenite grain boundaries became coarse during creep-fatigue testing. Nano-indentation tests were performed on the coarse subgrains neighboring grain boundaries and finer subgrains inner grains. As the results, the nano scale-hardness of the coarse subgrains were markedly lower than those of the finer subgrains inner grains. Therefore, it is suggested that the coarse subgrains neighboring grain boundaries play an important role of creep-fatigue fracture mechanism

Thyroid abnormality trend over time in Northeastern Regions of Kazakstan, adjacent to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site: a case review of pathological findings for 7271 patients

From 1949 through 1989 nuclear weapons testing carried out by the former Soviet Union at the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (SNTS) resulted in local fallout affecting the residents of Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorsk and Pavlodar regions of Kazakstan. To investigate the possible relationship between radiation exposure and thyroid gland abnormalities, we conducted a case review of pathological findings of 7271 urban and rural patients who underwent surgery from 1966–96. Of the 7271 patients, 761 (10.5%) were men, and 6510 (89.5%) were women..

Menaquinone (vitamin K2) therapy for bronchial asthma. I. Mechanism of action menaquinone on allergic reactions.

The mechanism of action of the drug was investigated from various points of view. The findings may be summarized as follows: 1. In the experiments of the degranulation of mesenteric mast cells of rats, menaquinone proved to significantly inhibit the degranulation either in active or passive sensitization with the reagin-like antibody. 2. Menaquinone did not inhibit the formation of the reagin-like antibody. 3. In the experiements of the degranulation of basophilic granulocytes from patients of bronchial asthma, the rate of appearance of A form basophilic cells upon addition of the antihuman IgE goat serum was not markedly but significantly inhibited in the patients treated with menaquinone for long periods, as compared with that in the control, whereas the in vitro addition of menaquinone did not exert a significant inhibitory action.</p

Dehydrogenation of Conjugated Cholic Acid by Escherichia coli

7α-Dehydrogenation of taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid by Escherichia coli (E. coli) was examined in aerobic and anaerobic culture conditions. Bile acids in the culture medium of E. coli were extracted, separated into free, glycine-conjugate and taurine-conjugate fractions by piperidinohydroxypropyl dextran gel column chromatography, hydrolyzed in alkali and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. Both conjugated cholic acids were dehydrogenated to the corresponding 3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan oic acid without deconjugation and no deconjugation of both conjugated cholic acid was detected in aerobic cultures. But there was little transformation in anaerobic cultures. These data suggest that conjugated cholic acids are taken up by E. coli in an aerobic culture as conjugate forms, dehydrogenated without deconjugation and excreted from the cell as conjugate forms