A review of ovarian cancer screening

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Cervical cancer screening

In Hong Kong, cervical cancer is the 4th commonest malignancy in females. Cervical cytology screening is effective in reducing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Women should have regular cervical smears from the time they start to have sexual activity until they reach the age of 65. A cervical smear should be taken and handled properly, so that the sensitivity of the test will not be affected by the quality of the smear. Most of the laboratories in Hong Kong are now using the Bethesda System to report cervical smears. In order to manage patients properly, doctors should be familiar with this classification.published_or_final_versio

Evaluation of human epididymal secretory protein E4 (HE4) for monitoring for ovarian cancer recurrence

INTRODUCTION: Serum HE4, a new biomarker for ovarian cancer, was shown to have a better sensitivity for detecting ovarian cancer compared to Ca 125, especially in early disease. In this study, we measured the HE4 levels in patients who had relapsed ovarian cancer in an attempt to elucidate its role in disease monitoring and recurrence detection. METHODS: HE4 levels were measured at pre-treatment, immediately post ...postprin

Retroperitoneal schwannoma: A common tumour in an uncommon site

We describe a female adult patient who presented with acute retention of urine and vague abdominal discomfort. A provisional diagnosis of ovarian tumour was made after crosssectional imaging. At laparotomy a very large retroperitoneal mass was biopsied and found to be a schwannoma after pathological examination. The clinical, radiological, and pathological features of this disease are discussed in this report.published_or_final_versio

Current concepts in the management of endometrial carcinoma

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Recognition of speech commands using a modified neural fuzzy network and an improved GA

Author name used in this publication: K. F. LeungAuthor name used in this publication: F. H. F. LeungAuthor name used in this publication: P. K. S. TamCentre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringRefereed conference paper2002-2003 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

Neural fuzzy network and genetic algorithm approach for Cantonese speech command recognition

Author name used in this publication: K. F. LeungAuthor name used in this publication: F. H. F. LeungAuthor name used in this publication: P. K. S. TamCentre for Multimedia Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringRefereed conference paper2002-2003 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

Determination of Lipophilic Extractives in Ionic Liquid Extracts of Eucalyptus Pulp by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry

Lipophilic wood extractives composition is currently a big concern of pulp and paper industries as well as for the environmentalists due to their negative impacts on the quality of pulp and the environment. Because of the shortcomings of different extraction procedures using volatile organic solvents in capturing residual lipophilic extractives in pulp, this study reports on the use of ionic liquids as an effective approach for such extraction. The capacity of two ionic liquids; 1- butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to recover wood extractives was compared and it was observed that ionic liquid with chloride anion recovered a higher amount of extractives. The effect of temperature of the added precipitating solvent during cellulose regeneration on the recovery of extractives was also studied. Recovery of extractives increased with increasing temperature of the added precipitating solvent and equilibrium was reached at 90oC. Fatty acids (saturated, unsaturated and α-hydroxyl acids), sterols (β-sitosterol and stigmastanol), steroid hydrocarbons and ketones were the main compounds determined from bleached pulp using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. On the basis of the fact that ionic liquids are biodegradable and non-volatile, this approach of analysis is definitely a highly green process for the determination of lipophilic extractives in pulp.Key words: Dissolving pulp, Extractives, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Green solvent, Ionic liqui

First discovery of two polyketide synthase genes for mitorubrinic acid and mitorubrinol yellow pigment biosynthesis and implications in virulence of Penicillium marneffei.

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Human papillomavirus-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine: Immunogenicity and safety in healthy Chinese women from Hong Kong

Objective To assess the immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine in Chinese women aged 18 to 35 years enrolled from Hong Kong. Design Double-blind, randomised controlled trial with vaccine and placebo groups. Setting Single-centre study in Hong Kong. Participants Three hundred women enrolled (150 per group) between March 2006 and June 2007. Interventions Subjects received three doses of human papillomavirus-16/18 vaccine or placebo (aluminium hydroxide), administered intramuscularly at 0, 1, and 6 months. Main outcome measures Human papillomavirus-16/18 seroconversion rates and geometric mean titres at month 7 (in human papillomavirus-16/18 recipients); reactogenicity and safety (in all subjects). Results A total of 294 women completed the study (148 in the vaccine group, 146 in placebo group). All initially seronegative subjects in the vaccine group had seroconverted for human papillomavirus-16/18 antibodies by month 7. Anti-human papillomavirus-16 and anti-human papillomavirus-18 antibody geometric mean titres were 10 422 (95% confidence interval, 8730-12 442) EL.U/mL and 4649 (3975-5437) EL.U/mL, respectively. High compliance (99% in both groups) was observed for the three-vaccination course. The frequencies of local injection site reactions were higher in the vaccine than placebo group; pain being the most common symptom in both groups. Regarding solicited symptoms, fatigue and myalgia were the most frequent in both groups. Five serious adverse events (four in vaccine group, one in placebo group) were reported, but all were considered unrelated to the vaccinations. Conclusion The human papillomavirus-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was highly immunogenic, safe, and generally well tolerated in Chinese women from Hong Kong.published_or_final_versio