Technology opportunity discovery of proton exchange membrane fuel cell from the perspective of papers-patents correlation analysis

Papers and patents can respectively present the latest progress of scientific research and technological development. Combining the two for correlation analysis has certain reference significance for technology opportunity discovery. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for technology opportunity discovery of proton exchange membrane fuel cell from the perspective of papers-patents correlation analysis. Firstly, papers and patent data are collected from papers and patent databases and the LDA model is applied to extract paper and patent topics. Secondly, the indicators of topic heat and novelty are calculated to select high-value paper topics. After that, the similarity analysis between high-value paper topics and all patent topics is considered to select the patent topics with development potential. Finally, the patent texts with high relevance to these patent topics with development potential are positioned. The technical keywords in them are extracted by text mining tool and classified into innovation dimensions according to their attributes and the TEMPEST model. After that, the innovation rules in the SCAMPER model are introduced to combine with the technical keywords in each innovation dimension to identify specific technology opportunities. An empirical study on the technology of proton exchange membrane fuel cell provides sufficient evidence of the method’s ability to discover technology opportunities. This paper contributes by generating four specific technology opportunities, which can make up for the existing defects of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and provide useful guidance for companies to carry out technological innovation

Lack of Airborne Transmission during Outbreak of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 among Tour Group Members, China, June 2009

This outbreak was caused by droplet transmission

Exosomes Derived From Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Early Inflammatory Responses Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Although treatment guidelines have been developed, no best treatment option or medicine for this condition exists. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes have shown lots of promise for the treatment of brain disorders, with some results highlighting the neuroprotective effects through neurogenesis and angiogenesis after TBI. However, studies focusing on the role of exosomes in the early stages of neuroinflammation post-TBI are not sufficient. In this study, we investigated the role of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-exosomes in attenuating neuroinflammation at an early stage post-TBI and explored the potential regulatory neuroprotective mechanism. We administered 30 μg protein of BMSCs-exosomes or an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) via the retro-orbital route into C57BL/6 male mice 15 min after controlled cortical impact (CCI)-induced TBI. The results showed that the administration of BMSCs-exosomes reduced the lesion size and improved the neurobehavioral performance assessed by modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) and rotarod test. In addition, BMSCs-exosomes inhibited the expression of proapoptosis protein Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and proinflammation cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β, while enhancing the expression of the anti-apoptosis protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2). Furthermore, BMSCs-exosomes modulated microglia/macrophage polarization by downregulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) and upregulating the expression of clusters of differentiation 206 (CD206) and arginase-1 (Arg1). In summary, our result shows that BMSCs-exosomes serve a neuroprotective function by inhibiting early neuroinflammation in TBI mice through modulating the polarization of microglia/macrophages. Further research into this may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for the future treatment of TBI

3D Morphometric and Posture Study of Felid Scapulae Using Statistical Shape Modelling

We present a three dimensional (3D) morphometric modelling study of the scapulae of Felidae, with a focus on the correlations between forelimb postures and extracted scapular shape variations. Our shape modelling results indicate that the scapular infraspinous fossa becomes larger and relatively broader along the craniocaudal axis in larger felids. We infer that this enlargement of the scapular fossa may be a size-related specialization for postural support of the shoulder joint

Disruptive Innovation Path of Start-Ups in the Digital Context: The Perspective of Dynamic Capabilities

In the context of digitalization, start-ups cultivate the dynamic capabilities enabled by digital technology and promote disruptive innovation, which has become the key for enterprises to achieve catch-up in the digital age. However, the path to achieving disruptive innovation with dynamic capabilities has not been revealed to date. This paper summarizes the dynamic capability dimension in the digital context by applying the grounded theory method and divides the evolution of disruptive innovation into the sprout stage, growth stage, and expansion stage. Based on the logic of “motivation–action–result”, this paper reveals the path of realization path for the disruptive innovation of start-ups under the influence of dynamic capabilities in the digital context. The results show that the disruptive innovation of start-ups can be attributed to the different dimensions of dynamic capabilities. Digital technology allows for enterprises to achieve disruptive innovation by enabling dynamic capabilities. This paper broadens the research on dynamic capability theory and disruptive innovation theory in the digital context. Furthermore, it provides a reference and inspiration for start-ups in the same situation, aiming to realize disruptive innovation by cultivating dynamic capabilities with digital technology

Discovering Technology Opportunity by Keyword-Based Patent Analysis: A Hybrid Approach of Morphology Analysis and USIT

As innovative technology is being developed at an accelerated rate, the identification of technology opportunities is especially critical for both companies and governments. Among various approaches to search for opportunities, one of the most frequently used is to discover technology opportunity from patent data. In line with it, this paper aims to propose a hybrid approach based on morphological analysis (MA) and unified structured inventive thinking (USIT) for technology opportunity discovery (TOD) through patent analysis using text mining and Word2Vec clustering analysis to explore the intrinsic links of innovation elements. A basic morphology matrix is constructed according to patent information and then is extended using the innovation algorithms that are reorganized from USIT. Technology opportunities are analyzed at two layers to generate new technical ideas. To illustrate the research process and validate its utility, this paper selects the technology of coalbed methane (CBM) extraction as a use case. This hybrid approach contributes by suggesting a semi-autonomous and systematic procedure to perform MA for TOD. By integrating the innovation algorithms, this approach improves the procedure of value extension in MA