Zinc supplementation decreases total thyroid hormone concentration in small ruminants

The effect of dietary zinc (Zn) supplementation on plasma Zn and serum thyroid hormones was evaluated in healthy male Merino lambs and Angora goats. A total of 12 lambs and 12 goats were divided into two equal groups as control and Zn groups in separate experiments. The lambs and goats of the control groups were fed basal rations alone. The Zn contents of these rations prepared for lambs and goats were 40 mg/kg and 35 mg/kg in dry matter (DM), respectively. Both species of animals in the Zn groups were fed a basal ration supplemented with zinc sulphate adjusted to 250 mg Zn/kg diet in DM. The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks in lambs and 8 weeks in goats. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein at 4-week intervals. Both animal species in the Zn groups had higher plasma Zn values than the controls throughout the experimental period, except in the 4th week in goats. However, the levels of serum total thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were lower in the lambs and goats of the Zn groups, except in the 4th week, as compared to those in the controls. Moreover, serum total thyroid hormone levels of the goats were higher at the 4th week than at the 8th week. Although there was a decrease in the levels of free thyroxine and triiodothyronine of both small ruminant species in the Zn groups when compared to the controls, these alterations were not statistically significant. These results may show that zinc supplementation to the diet at this dose reduces total thyroid hormone levels in small ruminants but does not yet impair the euthyroid status of the organism

Prognostic significance of Bcl-2, C-Myc, survivin and tumor grade in synovial sarcoma [Sinovyal sarkom olgulari{dotless}nda Bcl-2, C-Myc, survivin ve tümör derecesinin prognostik degeri]

PubMed ID: 24448706Objective: We aimed to determine the prognostic value of bcl-2, c-myc and survivin in synovial sarcoma cases and to evaluate the relationship between the conventional morphological findings with prognosis. Material and Method: In this study, we evaluated 81 synovial sarcoma cases referred to our tertiary tumor center during a period of 20 years. We applied bcl-2, c-myc and survivin immunohistochemically and investigated the relationship with prognosis for those 65 cases with follow-up. The relationship between the conventional morphological findings (mitosis, necrosis, grade) with prognosis was also investigated. Results: Five-year disease free survival rate was 44% and ten-year progression free survival rate was 38%, reflecting the aggressive behavior of synovial sarcoma. Tumor grade (according to FNCLCC) was the most significant prognostic input in this study. We obtained a significant difference between grade II (40 cases) and grade III (24 cases) group regarding progression-free survival and overall survival (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). Grade II was divided into two groups according to mitotic index and necrosis (grade IIa and IIb) and there was a significant difference between them regarding prognosis (p=0.013 for progression free survival, p=0.003 for overall survival). There was a significant relationship between bcl-2 negative plus focally weak positive cases (9 cases) and focally strong cases (21 cases) and diffuse strong cases (35 cases) (p=0.042 and p=0.016 respectively). There was a significant relation between c-myc negative cases (25 cases) and nuclear positive cases (17 cases) regarding overall survival (p=0.043) and between c-myc negative cases and cytoplasmic positive cases (23 cases) regarding progression free survival (p=0.05). The relation between survivin and prognosis was not significant. Conclusion: Tumor grade was the most significant prognostic parameter in this study. The grade IIa group (with less than 10 mitoses in 10 HPF, without necrosis) had a better prognosis than both the grade IIb and III groups. The grade IIb group was closer to grade III regarding the prognosis. Bcl-2 and c-myc (nuclear and/or cytoplasmic) immunohistochemical positivity had prognostic value but this finding has to be confirmed by large series

Kutanöz silika granülomu

Cutaneous silica granuloma is a rarely seen condition that can occur frequently due to traumatic conditions. However, it may be idiopathic. It is generally localized in the face or extremities. The period between the exposure of silica into the body and the formation of the granuloma can change from weeks to decades. Thus, the lesion is often underdiagnosed. The treatment varies between intralesionel steroid injection, sistemic steroids and antibiotics, and surgical excision of the lesion. We present a case with typical findings in this lesion which had been treated by surgical exision. Since we did not find any recurrence both in near and far follow-up periods, we believe that surgical excision is an effective method for the treatment of cutaneous silica granuloma.Kutanöz silika granülomu ender görülen, daha çok travmaya sekonder veya idiopatik olarak yüz ve ekstremitelerde yerlesen bir yabancı cisim reaksiyonudur. Silika maddesinin vücuda girmesi ve granülom olusumu arasındaki zaman birkaç hafta ile onlarca yıl arasında değisebilir. Bundan dolayı kutanöz silika granülomu tanısı genellikle atlanan bir tanıdır. Bu lezyonların tedavisi; intralezyonel steroid enjeksiyonu, sistemik streoid ve antibiyotik tedavisi veya cerrahi eksizyon olarak çesitlilik gösterir. Bu yazıda, kutanöz silika granülomunun karakteristik özelliklerini tasıyan ve tedavi olarak cerrahi eksizyon uygulanan bir hastamızı sunuyoruz. Hastamızda, eksizyon sonrası yakın ve uzun dönem takiplerinde herhangi bir nükse rastlanmaması nedeniyle, cerrahi eksizyonun bu hastalığın tedavisinde etkili bir yöntem olduğu kanısındayız