HISTOLOŠKE KARAKTERISTIKE OVARIJA KALIFORNIJSKE PASTRMKE ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS (WALBAUM, 1792) UZGAJANE U RAZLIČITIM MIKROAMBIJENTALNIM UVJETIMA

Akvakultura kao poljoprivredna djelatnost u našoj zemlji je u stanjuproizvoditi velike količine ribe različitih vrsta i kategorija. Klimatske i geografskekarakteristike naše zemlje, njen reljef i razvoj poljoprivredne proizvodnje kao ipoštovanje principa „održivog razvoja”, mjesta i značaja ribarstva u višenamjenskomkorišćenju voda, moraju da određuju pravac razvoja proizvodnje pastrmki ubudućnosti. Najvažnija riblja vrsta koja se uzgaja u pastrmskim ribnjacima kodnas je kalifornijska pastrmka, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). Osim što jegajenje ove vrste ribe privlačno za veliki broj proizvođača, s obzirom na mogućnostpostizanja visokih prinosa, nju odlikuje i značajna tolerantnost na variranjamikroambijentalnih uvjeta okoliša. S obzirom za značaj proizvodnje ribe u Bosni iHercegovini, koja je jedna od rijetkih grana prehrambenog sektora koja je uspjelaispuniti međunarodne standarde i postavljene kriterije te osigurati izlazak na tržištezemalja Europske unije, neophodno je ustanoviti optimalne uslove koji obezbjeđujuvisoku produktivnost salmonidnog gospodarstva. Proučavanje reproduktivnogciklusa može dati vrlo precizne i značajne rezultate o stanju organizma za vrijemeovog vrlo složenog fiziološkog procesa, kao i populacije u datom ekosistemu

HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE RAINBOW TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS OVARIES (WALBAUM, 1792) GROWN IN VARIOUS MICROAMBIENT CONDITIONS

Aquaculture as an agricultural activity in our country is capable ofproducing large amounts of different types and categories of fish. Climate andgeographic characteristics of our country, the terrain and development of agriculturalproduction as well as compliance with the principle of “sustainable development”,the position and importance of fishery in a multipurpose water utilization, mustdetermine the direction of development of the future trout production. The mostimportant type of fish grown in the trout fisheries in BiH is the rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). In addition to the fact that growing thistype of fish is attractive to many producers, considering the high yield potential,it is also characterized by a significant level of tolerance to varying microambientconditions of the environment. Given the importance of fish production in Bosniaand Herzegovina, which is one of the rare branches of food sector that has fulfilledthe international standards and criteria and secured access to the markets of the EUcountries, it is necessary to establish optimal conditions to ensure high productivityof salmonid fisheries. Studying the reproductive cycles can provide very preciseand significant results of the overall condition of the entire organism during thisvery complex physiological process and of the overall population in the respectiveecosystem

STATE AND PERSPECTIVES OF RABBIT PRODUCTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

U Bosni i Hercegovini, kunićarstvo kao grana stočarstva, je slabo razvijeno a glavni faktori nerazvijenosti su kulturološke ustaljene prehrambene navike, nepostojanje tradicije uzgoja kunića i sigurnog tržišta za plasman dobivenih proizvoda što u konačnici predstavlja mali broj uzgajivača za ovu vrstu stočarstva a samim tim i slabiji privredni značaj. Prisutna je tendencija pada ukupnog broja kunića. Tako je 2006. godine bilo oko 18.000, od 2007. do 2010. 19.000, dok je 2011. godine registrirano 11.000 kunića što je za 38,89% bilo manje u odnosu na 2006., a 42,11% u odnosu na period 2007. do 2010. godine. Zahvaljujući određenom broju zaljubljenika ipak je primjetna tendencija rasta broja uzgajivača ovih ţivotinja, ne samo kao uzgoj ljubimaca, već i uzgoj kunića sitnih proizvođača isključivo za vlastite potrebe. S toga, je potrebno prezentirati osnovne karakteristike i značaj uzgoja kunića kao preporuka uzgajivačima za intenzivnije bavljenje ovom granom stočarstva.In the Bosnia and Herzegovina as a branch of rabbit livestock is poorly developed, and the main factors of underdevelopment of the livestock industry are routine cultural eating habits, absence of tradition of breeding rabbits, and a secure markets for the products obtained which ultimately represents a small number of breeders for this type of livestock and thus and weaker economic importance. There is a downward trend in the total number of rabbits. In 2006, rabbit population in B&H was about 18, of 2007 to 2010 19.000, while in 2011 the number decreased to 11.000 rabbits which is 38.89% was less than the 2006th, and 42.11% over the period of 2007th-2010th. Thanks to a number of fans still noticeable tendency for the number breeder of these animals, not only as breeding animals, but breeding rabbits small producers exclusively for their own use. Therefore, it is necessary to present the main features and importance of breeding rabbits as a recommendation for growers intensive practice of this branch of animal husbandry

PROPOSAL OF MEASURES FOR PRESERVATION OF FREE BREED HORSE POPULATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Horse breeding is a branch of animal husbandry that keeps loosing its importance in BiH, in particular in the postwar period. Horse population number tends to decline constantly. In 1990, horse population in BiH was about 99.803, in 2004 about 27.156, in 2006 about 25.699, while in 2009 the number decreased to 21.185 with the objective tendency of further decline. These data support the opinion of many livestock breeding experts that horse breeding surely became the most endangered livestock breeding in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Currently, horse population has an estimate of 1000. Only thanks to a number of enthusiasts in horse breeding, horse population has been surviving, sometimes under unbelievable circumstances lacking food, water and adequate accommodation. These facts command a thorough research both phenotypic and genetic, with the goal of complete determination of this horse population.Key words: Horse breeding, Bosnia and Herzegovina mountain horse, free breeding</p

POSSIBILITIES OF ENRICHMENT OF PRAMENKA WITH AWASSI SHEEP IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Sheep production in Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the most promising branches of livestock production, and all measures should be taken in the direction of its modernization. Increasing Pramenka's dairy skills is one of the quality directions with expected positive results. Awassi, as a highly adaptable and dairy breed, has all the prerequisites to be a strategic meliorator towards the creation of high-dairy F1 generation with pramenka. Analyzing the production characteristics of these two breeds, geographic and socio-economic characteristics in BiH, and referring to positive experiences from Macedonia, the need of directing the sheep strategy in the aforementioned direction becomes clear. Also, it is an imperative to start a pilot project in BiH aimed at exploring the significance of enrichment of Pramenka with Awassi rams. <br /> <br />Key words: enrichment, pramenka, awassi, milk, Bosnia and Herzegovin

Influence of stocking density on body conformation in broilers

In this experiment the influence of stocking density on the body conformation of broiler carcasses was investigated. One hundred and twenty broiler chickens were divided into three groups; each group comprised 40 chickens. At the end of the first week of the fattening period 20 chickens in each group were marked by random sampling. The first testing group (P1) represented the one with a lower stocking density (12 chickens per square meter); the second one (P2) with a higher stocking density (18 chickens per square meter), while the control group (K) was set in accordance with the technological recommendations (15 chickens per square meter). Breast circumference, drumstick circumference, keel length (crista sterni), breast depth and breast angle were monitored and measured on a weekly basis. Body conformation measures were determined on the carcasses in a horizontal position with their backs placed on the table. The appropriate instruments such as millimetre tape, caliper and ZP-3 protractor were used. In addition, a weekly live weight and feed consumption were measured. Production results (live weight, gain, feed-to-gain ratio and European Production Index (EPI) were calculated. Carcass grades were calculated based on the mass ratio of the cooled carcass and the live body weight before slaughtering. The research findings have confirmed that overcrowding in production facilities is always risky in regard to the expected production results. In contrast, by fully conforming to the production technology requirements, it is possible to achieve better production results

MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF CRANIAL AND POSTCRANIAL SKELETON IN CAVE BEAR (Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller & Heinroth, 1794) FROM LUKINA PEĆINA CAVE AND MEGARA IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

During the investigation of the Lukina pećina cave (Srednja stijena, Ravan mountain) the bone remains of the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller &amp; Heinroth, 1794) were found. We demonstrate for the first time the morphometric proportions of the cave bear from this locality. Our reasearch also included the new findings from the Megara cave (Bjelašnica). Analyzed morphometric proportions completely fell within the variation range of the Pleistocene cave bear population in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the general variation range.Key words: Ursus spelaeus, Lukina pećina Cave, Megara, mandible, postcranial skeleton</p

INFLUENCE OF STOCKING DENSITY AS A FACTOR OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY ON THE BODY CONFORMATION OF BROILER CHICKENS

Our aim was to examine the influence of stocking density on the conformation in live broilers of Cobb provenance. A total of 120 chickens of Cobb 500 provenance are divided into three groups with 40 animals each (two experimental and one control group). At the end of the first week of feeding, 20 chickens were sampled and marked by random sampling. Chickens from the first experimental group (P1) represented the group with lower population of stocking density (12 chicks/m2), chickens from the second experimental group (P2) represented the group of chickens with a higher population of stocking density (18 chicks/m2), while the stocking density of the control group (K) chickens was in line with technological recommendations (15 chicks /m2). During the experiment, marked chickens were monitored and measured for the chest circumference, drumstick circumference, length of keel (Crista sterni), breast depth and breast angle on a weekly basis. Measures conformations were taken in live chickens in hanging position with the use of appropriate instruments: millimeter measuring tape, caliper and protractor ZP-3. The results were statistically analyzed, statistically significant differences were noted, and correlation coefficient was determined. The longest circumference and depth of chest, drumstick circumference, and keel length were observed in the control group of chickens by the end of the experiment. The differences in comparison with the experimental groups were not statistically significant. The results indicate that compliance with the production technology can result in better production indicators and other factors including the success of intensive poultry production.Key words: stocking density, conformation, live broiler, Cobb provenance</p