786 research outputs found
An X-ray study of the reaction of calcium oxide and calcium chloride in the decomposition of monazite
This paper outlines a review of the structure of monazite, methods of its decomposition and results of an X-ray study of monazite before and after treatment with a mixture of calcium oxide and calcium chloride, in connection with the separation of phosphate from monazite. (Mr. K.N. Kartha, Junior Research Fellow, National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur
Multi-omic investigation of the mechanisms underlying the pathobiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy associated with molecular heterogeneity, locoregional spread, resistance to therapy and relapse after initial treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that master developmental pathways with key roles in adult tissue homeostasis, including Hippo and Wnt/╬▓-catenin signaling, are dysregulated in the initiation and progression of HNSCC. However, a comprehensive investigation into the crosstalk between these pathways is currently lacking, and may prove crucial to the discovery of novel targets for HNSCC therapy. More recent evidence points to the tumor microenvironment, mainly comprising cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as capable of influencing tumor cell behavior and promoting invasive HNSCC phenotypes. Nonetheless, current methods to screen for CAF markers in tumors are restricted to targeted immunostaining experiments with limited success and robustness across tissue types. The Cancer Genome Atlas network has generated multi-tiered molecular profiles for over 10,000 tumors spanning more than two dozen different cancer types, providing an unprecedented opportunity for the application and development of integrative methods aimed at the in silico interrogation of experimentally-derived signatures. These multi-omic profiles further enable one to link genomic anomalies, including somatic mutations and DNA copy number alterations, with phenotypic effects driven by pathogenic pathway activity. Effectively querying this vast amount of information to help elucidate subsets of functionally and clinically-relevant oncogenic drivers, however, remains an ongoing challenge.
To address these issues, I first investigate the effects of oncogenic pathway perturbation in HNSCC using experimental models coupled with in vitro genome-wide transcriptional profiling. Next, I describe a new computational approach for the unbiased identification of CAF markers in HNSCC solely using bulk tumor RNA-sequencing information. Lastly, I have developed Candidate Driver Analysis or CaDrA - a statistical framework that allows one to query genetic and epigenetic alterations for candidate drivers of signature activity within a given disease context.
Collectively, this work offers new perspectives on the molecular cues underlying HNSCC development, while simultaneously highlighting the power of integrative genomics methods capable of accelerating the discovery of novel targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy
On the comparative efficiency of trawls made of cotton, polyethylene and combination of both the materials
The merits and demerits of cotton, polyethylene and combination of the two materials ascertained on the basis of cost, wear and tear, maintenance, total catch and qualitative analysis of the catch are discussed by making comparative fishing experiments with the three trawl gears made of these materials. The study can be concluded with a suggestion for switching over to polyethylene twisted monofilaments for better, in case of bottom trawls without in any way adversely affecting the catch of shrimps and at the same time for enhanced fish catch. Even though the combination net is found to be equal in efficiency as the polyethylene net this idea cannot be conveniently adopted from the point of view of economy
Notes on the eggs and early larval stages of Hippolysmata ensirostris Kemp
Hippolysmata ensirostris which contributes to a minor extent to the crustacean fisheries of India is an ovoviviparous
form. Berried females with eggs carried by the first four abdominal appendages are encountered
in the shore-seine returns at Cannanore during the south-west monsoon months. The present paper gives
an account of three different stages of the egg and three early larval stages reared in the laboratory
Growth rate In Lactarius lactarius (Schneider) at Karwar
The length-frequency data of the big-jawed jumper, Lactarius lactarius
(Schneider), collected from the trawl catches of Karwar coast during 1965-66,
1966-67 and 1967-68 season show that the species attains a length of about 90 mm
in six months. The landings from grounds more than 30 meters in depth generally
contained bigger individuals, while the near-shore catches were dominated by
juvenile
study of the copepods of the inshore waters of Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar
It has been reported by Prasad (1956) that the general trends in the fluctuations
of the total copepods, including copepodites, in the Gulf of Mannar
and Palk Bay were different. According to him the fluctuations were apparently
dicyclic at station G in the Gulf of Mannar, with one peak during
December-March and another during September or October, as against
the fluctuations at station P in Palk Bay, starting from a very low level and
almost continuously increasing until it reached a maximum in September
or October and then declining. In order to study the causes which bring
about these differences in the population of copepods at the two stations
it was suggested that a detailed analysis of the composition of population
and the behaviour of the dominant species be taken up
Summer Institute in Breeding and Rearing of Marine Prawns
The Summer Institute in "Breeding and Rearing of
Marine Prawns" was held at the Central Marine Fisheries
Research Institute at Cochin during 11 May тАФ 9 June 1977.
The Summer Institute was inaugurated by the Director, Dr
E. G. Silas, at a function attended by the participants, members
of faculty and other scientists of the Institute, at 11 AM
on 11 May 1977. Following this, the daily schedule, consisting
of lectures in the forenoon and practicals in the afternoon,
commenced with an introductory lecture by the Director
Earning by learning and doing
The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Farm Science Centre) for mariculture, Narakkal transfers the aquaculture techniques developed in the laboratory to the end users. Till date, the Kendra has trained more than 1,300 farmers in Prawn and Fish culture. The results indicated that 73% of the farmers have utilised the training in one way or another. This article brings the success story of an agriculture labourer, Mr.N.K.Sudhakaran, who successfully completed the training programme from KVK and made amazingly profitable yield by farming Penaeus indicus
Coastal zone management Mudbanks of Kerala coast
я╗┐THE MUDBANKS, the formation of which
is a curious phenomenon reported hitherto
from only the southwest coast of India,
appear over restricted areas on the Kerala-
south Karnataka coast during the inclement
S. W. monsoon as bodies of calm water,
where the wave action the coastal waters
at this time abounds with is almost absent,
largely due to a fine mud in a state of suspen
sion. On a squally, surf-beaten coast, these
areas facilitate easy fishing operations of
country crafts, which otherwise idle away
during this haish weather. For this reason
it gained much popularity, particularly of late,
among the coastal people.
Reports on mudbanks date back to the
early 18th century. But a serious scientific
study on them was not initiated until
nineteen-thirties, when Sir Robert Bristow
took it up in connection with his port man
agement. His study, however, stimulated
further interest, and, because of its contri
bution often to successful fisheries, with
spectacular catches of prawns and fish, parti
cularly the shoaling forms, the mudbank has
attracted increasing attention from fishery
scientists
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