Dikili’nin Jeotermal Potansiyeline Yeni Bir Bakış Geothermal Potential of Dikili With A New Perspective

Alternatif enerji kaynakları; milli ekonominin gelişimi, dışa bağımlılıktan uzaklaşma, enerjinin doğrudan yerinde üretimi gibi doğanın talanına “doğrudan hayır” demenin bir ölçüsüdür. Ülkemiz, mevcut yer altı yapısıyla birçok jeotermal kaynağa sahiptir. Bu kaynaklardan önemli bir bileşenine sahip olan Dikili (İzmir) İlçesi, jeotermal potansiyelinin oldukça yüksek olduğu; ısıtma, seracılık ve elektrik üretimi vb. birçok alanda jeotermal suyunun kullanıma açıldığı bir “potansiyel” durumundadır. Yapılmış çalışmaların birçoğu sadece Dikili ilçesindeki ruhsat sahalarını kapsamakta ve bölgenin genel potansiyelini (özellikle merkez alanını) yansıtacak bir çalışmanın ise eksikliğini işaret etmektedir. Planlı Jeotermal arama ve uygulama alanlarının kurulması ise ilçenin ve bölgenin genel kalkınma stratejisinde önemli bir yer alacağı düşünülmektedir. Dikili ilçesinin güneyinde bulunan Kaynarca ve çevresi dışından, Dikili Jeotermal tarafından işletilen sahalar bulunmamaktadır. Dikili ilçesinin gerçek Jeotermal potansiyelinin araştırılması amacıyla bir dizi Jeofizik çalışma (Mikrogravite, DES ve IP ölçümü, SPAC ve Mikrotremor) uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile bölgedeki sediman örtünün kalınlığı, Jeolojik birimlerin konumları, Bölgedeki Faylar, İletken ve Yalıtkan alanlar (Akifer alanlar ve geçirimsiz örtü kayaçlar) ve yüklenebilirlik değerinin yüksek olduğu alanlar tanımlanarak, “İşletmeye Açılabilecek Potansiyel Jeotermal” alanlar aydınlatılmıştır

MODELLING OF BASIN STRUCTURES AND DETERMINATION OF WEST BLACK SEA FAULT IN THE AREA BETWEEN BUYUKCEKMECE AND KUCUKCEKMECE LAKES WITH USING DIFFERENT GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

Two terrain-bounding major fault zones occur in the Marmara Sea and the northern onshore areas. The first of these is the dextral, E-W trending, North Anatolian Fault Zone which cuts through the deep basins within the Marmara Sea and is known to be one of the most seismically active fault zones on the Earth. The second is the inferred West Black Sea Fault Zone (WBFZ), a NNW-SSE trending, dextral boundary fault which separates the Istranca Massif to the west and the Istanbul Terrane to the east. The WBFZ is thought to have accommodated the opening of the east Black Sea basin. This fault zone and the two adjacent continental blocks are covered by Middle to Upper Eocene sediments and therefore the WBFZ is considered to be an inactive fault. Nevertheless, it forms a major crustal zone of weakness in the vicinity of Istanbul. Istanbul established in an area which has been the influence of North Anatolian Fault Zone which occurred many great eartquakes and/or possible earthquakes in an area where there is a high danger today too. 3 deep basins determined (NE to SW trending) in the area between Küçükçekmece and Büyükçekmece Lakes by using microtremor measurements(Karabulut, 2012). Single station microtremor measurements at 326 points (with Guralp 6 TD seismometers) and gravity data (CG-5 autogravity meter) collected same measurement points from 2013 to 2015. Joint Inversion analysis were performed both them. Moreover, microtremor array measurements at 50 points were taken each 2 km gridding interval. As results of microtremor measurements (H/V), we obtained soil fundamental frequency and sediment thickness map were calculated and plotted by using developed equation for these study. Lower soil fundamental frequences of the sediment thickness map shows the boundaries of the basin. Also boundaries of the Gurpinar formations to Oligocene age with Kirklareli limestones to Eocene age have been distinguished from each other. As result of gravity measurements determined some lineaments as faults and some basin. Basins structure and tectonic features of the study area are modeled by using three different data set

INVESTIGATIONS WITH GEOPHYSICAL METHODS OF SOIL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS

First Parameters to associated with earthquake damage mitigation and vulnerability are active tectonics regime (as North Anatolian Fault Zone:NAFZ and Aegaen- Horst and graben normal faults system) and the proximity of fault zone, and thickness of soft soil and the quanlity of engineering structures. Before possible earthquakes occurs these sites, researchers try to understand degree of hazard or risk and thus some investigations performed interested sites. This can be briefly called the microzation study. We studied two different sites for this investigation. First, Dikili is locatedin the northern part of Izmir and second, Bursa is located in the southern part of Marmara Sea. Them of both have active tectonics regime with different structural model and stress loading and recorded many historical and instrumental earthquakes of both places. Aim of this study, which possible soil problems may occur these sites to any possible earthquake. In the context, 121 and 75 profiles of multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW-REMI) measurements performed to determine the soil properties in Dikili and Bursa, respectively and the results of them have been tried to explained solution of soil problems by using different approaches and techniques. In order to achieve the shear wave velocity values to best characteristics of the geological structure collected the surface wave data. These records were evaluated individually for each profile, and measurement results were compared/combined for the same profiles and an average Vs30 value obtained for the profiles. Possible soil problems solved or calculated with collected drilling data, together in study areas Potential soil engineering problems (liquefaction, soil settlement induced to liquefaction ground bearing capacity, soil amplification and soil rezonans period) analyzed and mapped by using Geographical Information Systems