Evaluation of YouTube Videos Quality of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Anesthesia

Introduction:To evaluate the quality of YouTube videos on pediatric cardiac surgery anesthesia (PCSA).Methods:The keywords including, “PCSA”, “pediatric cardiac surgery”, and “pediatric anesthesia” were browsed on YouTube between January 1st, 2023 and January 10th, 2023. Video characteristics were recorded. The modified DISCERN instrument, the Global Quality Score (GQS), and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) were used to evaluate the quality of the videos. The videos were divided into two groups as professionals (doctor, nurse, hospital, etc.) and non-professional (patient, non-health institutions, etc.) according to the upload source.Results:A total 82 of the videos were included in the study. Fifty-six (68.3%) videos were uploaded by professional sources and 26 (31.7%) were by non-professional sources. Statistically, the average like of the videos uploaded by professional sources were significantly higher (64.0 and 29.0, p=0.005). The average number of comments on professionally sourced videos was 46.0, and it was 30.0 for non-professional videos (p=0.015). The GQS was 3.7±1.0 for professional videos and 2.2±0.8 for non-professional videos (p=0.001). The Modified DISCERN score was found to be significantly higher in the professional videos (p=0.001). The PEMAT score was above 70% in 50 (89.3%) videos in the professional video group and 12 (46.1%) videos in the non-professional video group (p=0.001).Conclusion:Our findings revealed that professional videos about PCSA had significantly higher “likes” number and comments rate and YouTube videos about PCSA, which were shared by professional healthcare providers had significantly higher modified DISCERN score, GQS, and PEMAT score

Determination of Tissue Trace Element Levels with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Varicose Vein Patients

Aim:Currently, venous insufficiency is still a serious clinical problem. The exact cause and molecular mechanisms of the etiology are still unknown, but the presence of mechanical and intrinsic factors has been suggested. In this study, we excamined (Zn, Cu and Fe) levels of trace elements contributing to the oxidant / antioxidant balance of the organism by acting as a cofactor in the structure of antioxidant enzymes in the veins of patients with lower extremity varices. With the results we obtained, we tried to explain the changes in the level of the elements in the development and / or progress of venous insufficiency.Materials and Methods:Our study was carried out on 40 patients who underwent surgery for the diagnosis of primary varicose veins in the lower extremity and 40 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery and on their vena safena magna tissues. Levels of Zn, Cu and Fe were measured with atomic absorption spectrometry in vein tissue samples.Results:Zn levels were significantly lower in the study group whereas Fe levels were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. Although Cu levels were higher in the study group compared to the control group, this difference was not significant. In the study group, no correlation was observed in terms of trace element levels.Conclusions:Low levels of Zn in tissue samples were thought to be associated with decreased antioxidant activity. Increased Cu level may be due to increased collagen and elastin production. We assume that increased Fe accumulation in tissues in the study group was triggered oxidative stress by adsorbing on the damaged tissue

Determination of Tissue Trace Element Levels with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry in Varicose Vein Patients

Amaç: Günümüzde venöz yetmezlik hala ciddi bir klinik problemdir. Etiyolojisinin kesin nedeni ve moleküler mekanizmaları hala bilinmemekle beraber mekanik ve intrinsik faktörlerin varlığı ileri sürülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, alt ekstremite varisleri olan hastaların ven dokularında, antioksidan enzimlerin yapısında kofaktör olarak görev yaparak, organizmanın oksidan/antioksidan dengesine katkı sağlayan eser elementlerden Zn, Cu ve Fe’in düzeylerini inceledik. Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar ile elementlerin düzeyindeki değişikliklerin venöz yetmezliğin gelişimi ve/ ve ya ilerlemesinde oynadığı rolü açıklamaya çalıştık. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmamız alt ekstremitede primer varis tanısı nedeniyle opere edilecek 40 kişi ve koroner arter bypass greft operasyonu geçirecek 40 kişinin vena safena magna dokuları üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Alınan ven doku örneklerinde eser elementlerden Zn, Cu ve Fe ölçümleri atomik absorbsiyon spektrometresi ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında Zn düzeyleri çalışma grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamı seviyede düşük, Fe düzeyleri ise anlamlı olarak yüksek saptanmıştır. Cu düzeyleri çalışma grubunda kontrol grubuna kıyasla yüksek olmasına rağmen, bu fark anlamlı değildir. Çalışma grubunda, eser elementler açısından herhangi bir korelasyon gözlenmemiştir. Sonuç: Variköz ven doku örneklerinde düşük saptanan Zn düzeylerinin azalmış antioksidan aktivite ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülmüştür. Artan Cu düzeyi ise, artmış kollajen ve elastin yapımı nedeni ile gerçekleşmiş olabilir. Çalışma grubunda dokularda artmış Fe birikiminin, hasarlı dokuya çökerek oksidatif stresi tetiklediğini de düşünmekteyiz.Aim: Currently, venous insufficiency is still a serious clinical problem. The exact cause and molecular mechanisms of the etiology are still unknown, but the presence of mechanical and intrinsic factors has been suggested. In this study, we excamined (Zn, Cu and Fe) levels of trace elements contributing to the oxidant / antioxidant balance of the organism by acting as a cofactor in the structure of antioxidant enzymes in the veins of patients with lower extremity varices. With the results we obtained, we tried to explain the changes in the level of the elements in the development and / or progress of venous insufficiency. Materials and Methods: Our study was carried out on 40 patients who underwent surgery for the diagnosis of primary varicose veins in the lower extremity and 40 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery and on their vena safena magna tissues. Levels of Zn, Cu and Fe were measured with atomic absorption spectrometry in vein tissue samples. Results: Zn levels were significantly lower in the study group whereas Fe levels were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. Although Cu levels were higher in the study group compared to the control group, this difference was not significant. In the study group, no correlation was observed in terms of trace element levels. Conclusions: Low levels of Zn in tissue samples were thought to be associated with decreased antioxidant activity. Increased Cu level may be due to increased collagen and elastin production. We assume that increased Fe accumulation in tissues in the study group was triggered oxidative stress by adsorbing on the damaged tissue