国民栄養調査に基づくビタミンK, B_6, B_<12>の摂取状況に関する研究

In this study, vitamin (K, B_6, B_) intakes per capita per day were calculated on the basis of the results of the National Nutrition Survey, using the Weighted Average Tables of vitamins in foods. The daily intake of vitamin K was 376μg. The major sources of vitamin K from foods were green, yellow vegetables, other vegetables, and pulses. The daily intake of vitamin B_6 was 1.62mg. It\u27s major sources were fishes and shellfishes, meats, and cereals. The daily intake of vitamin B_ was 10.9μg. The major sources of vitamin B_ were fishes and shellfishes, meats, and seaweeds. Therefore, these vitamin (K, B_6, B_) intakes were seemed to be sufficient for their adequate dietary intakes

アジア諸国における栄養素等摂取状況と体位との関連に関する研究

アジア地域15カ国を対象として,FAO,WHOの資料を用いて,主にエネルギーと体位について比較検討した結果,次のことが明かになった。1)アジア諸国の中で,特に南アジアは,低エネルギーで,脂質エネルギー比率,たん白質エネルギー比率,動物性たん白質比率が低く,糖質エネルギー比率が高い。2)中央・北アジアはアジア諸国の中では,高エネルギーで,動物性たん白質の摂取量も多い。東南アジアは両者の中間的位置にある。3)総エネルギー,動物性食品エネルギーと低出生体重児,及び4才児の低体重児・低身長児は高い負の相関がある。特に南アジアの低体位の出現率は高い。The nutritional status in fifteen Asian countries are investigated using the data published by FAO and WHO. The high correlation coefficient is obtained between the total energy, total animal products energy and physique. The nutrition and physique of south Asian countries are inferior to those of the other Asian countries. It is concluded that many Asian countries still have undernutrition problems

日本人の無機質(リン,カリウム,マグネシウム,亜鉛,銅)の摂取量とその年次推移

国民栄養調査では,鉄,カルシウム,ナトリウムについては,摂取量が発表されているが,微量元素については,発表されていないため,今回,国民栄養調査の結果をもとに,「日本食品無機質成分表」,食品類別荷重平均表を用いて,微量元素のうち, P, K, Mg, Zn, Cuの国民1人1日あたりの摂取量を算出した。算出した結果,1989年では, P: 1205mg, K: 2872mg, Mg: 374mg, Zn: 10.1mg, Cu: 1.41mgとなり,全ての元素において,目標摂取量を上回っていた。Mineral intakes (P, K, Mg, Zn, Cu) per capita per day were calculated on the basis of the results of the National nutrition survey, using the Weighted average table of minerals in foods from 1960 to 1989. The mean daily phosphorus intake was approximately 1205mg/day. Major contributors of phosphorus were cereals, fishes and shellfishes, and milk and daily products. The mean potassium intake was 2872mg/day. The richest source was vegetables followed by fishes and shellfishes. Magnesium intake was 374mg/day, and zinc was 10.0mg/day. Main sources of them were plant products, especially cereals. The daily intake of copper was 1.41mg/day. The usual foods sources were cereals, fishes and shellfishes, and pulses. These mineral intakes were sufficient for their adequate dietary intakes

日本人の血中脂肪酸組成に及ぼす肥満および加齢の影響

1.健常日本人男性226名の内,肥満者159名,非肥満者67名を村象に,血漿および赤血球膜の脂肪酸組成平均値を測定し,加齢および肥満の影響について比較検討を行った。2.n-3系多価不飽和脂肪酸であるEPA, DHAは加齢に伴い増加傾向にあり,n-6系多価不飽和脂肪酸であるリノール酸には減少傾向が認められた。3.肥満者,非肥満者ともに,加齢に伴いn-3/n-6比が高くなる傾向が認められたが,いずれの年代においても肥満者のn-3/n-6比は非肥満者に比べ低値であることが認められた。4.以上の結果から,現在の日本人の食物油脂摂取状況はほぼ適当と考えられるが,今後の肥満者の増加や若年者の魚離れによりn-3/n-6比が低下することを憂慮し,心臓疾患等の予防のためにも早急なn-3/n-6適性比率を検討することが望まれる。The effect of obese and aging on the human plasma and red blood cells (RBC) membrane fatty acid compositions were examined. Blood samples were obtained from 159 obesity Japanese males and 67 normal weight Japanese males, from each decade of life from 20 to 50 years of age. At the aging effect, positive correlations between the levels of EPA, DHA and n-3/n-6 ratio and aging were obtained in both plasma and RBC membrane for each groups. On the other hand, negative correlations between Linoleic acid and aging was obtained for all of them. The n-3/n-6 ratio were higher for normal weight males than for obesity males in both of plasma and RBC

Low geriatric nutritional risk index predicts poor prognosis in patients with cirrhosis: a retrospective study

AimMalnutrition, which increases the risk of liver disease-related events and mortality, is a serious complication in cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate whether the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) could predict the long-term prognosis in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 266 patients with cirrhosis and classified them into two groups based on baseline GNRI scores: risk (≤98, n = 104) and no-risk groups (&gt;98, n = 162). The cumulative survival rates were compared between the two groups in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify significant and independent factors associated with mortality.ResultsThe median observation period was 54.9 (33.6–61.7) months and 65 (24.4%) liver disease-related deaths occurred during the follow-up period. The GNRI scores significantly and inversely correlated with Child-Pugh score (r = −0.579), model for end-stage liver disease score (r = −0.286), and Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (r = −0.494). Multivariate analysis identified low GNRI as a significant and independent factor associated with mortality [overall cohort: hazard ratio (HR), 0.926; p &lt; 0.001; compensated cirrhosis: HR, 0.947; p = 0.003; decompensated cirrhosis: HR, 0.923; p &lt; 0.001]. The risk group demonstrated significantly lower cumulative survival rates than the no-risk group in overall cohort, and patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis (p &lt; 0.001, &lt;0.001, and = 0.013, respectively).ConclusionLow GNRI was associated with poor long-term prognosis in both patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis. Therefore, the GNRI is a simple and useful tool for predicting prognosis and modifying the nutritional status in patients with cirrhosis