The treatment of talar body fractures with compression screws: a case series

Fractures of talar body are rare and serious injuries and frequently seen in multiply injured and polytraumatised patients. The high variability of talar fractures, their relatively low incidence together with the high percentage of concomitant injuries makes treatment of these injuries a challenge to the surgeon

Arthroplasty as a Choice of Treatment in Hip Surgery

The hip joint bears the most load in the human body. For this reason, it carries the potential risk of degenerative arthritis in individuals with a functionally active lifestyle. The main goal in the treatment of degenerative arthritis is to achieve pain relief and create a hip joint range of motion close to normal. Even today, it is not possible to transform the hip joint, which has been degenerated due to several reasons and worn out due to the physiological properties of the cartilage structure, back to its natural state. Osteotomies, resection arthroplasties and hip arthrodeses, which are designed to compensate the load distribution affecting the hip and relieve the pain, are still employed methods. Total hip arthroplasty, on the other hand, is an alternative solution for the problem. Cemented, cementless and hybrid methods are widely used for this purpose in total hip arthroplasties. The purpose of hip prosthesis surgery is to shape the bone tips and to fill the fragments with various materials and keep these two structures as separate surfaces. Total hip arthroplasty consists of a femoral component placed in the medullas of the femur and an acetabular component placed in the acetabulum. In this article we will review the aims, causes, types and techniques of total hip arthroplasty

Mir-129-2-3p Has Tumor Suppressor Role in Ewing Sarcoma Cell Lines and Cancer Tissue Samples

Deregulation of miRNA expressions was identified as a novel feature of tumor biology in Ewing sarcoma (EWS). The aim was to evaluate the regulatory role of miR-129-2-3p in EWS cell lines and human EWS tissue samples. EWS cell lines TC-71, TC-106, and CHLA-99 were used in the study and real-time PCR was utilized to investigate the functional role of tumor suppressor mir-129-2-3p and miR-129-2-3p levels in the cells. Proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis assays were carried out within the scope of functional in vitro studies. Expression levels of CDK6 and SOX4, which are miR-129-2-3p target genes, were examined. Moreover, the change in expression levels of miR-129-2-3p in EWS tumor tissues was also examined. It was determined that miR-129-2-3p expression markedly diminished in all the studied cell lines. In addition, miR-129-3p was found to decrease in proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis assays in all EWS cell lines. CDK6 and SOX4 levels were also decreased in miR-129-2-3p transfected cell lines. It was found that miR-129-2-3p levels were significantly decreased in EWS tumor tissue samples compared to the corresponding adjacent normal tissue samples. In line with the results of our current study, where the possible function of miR-129-2-3p in EWS cell lines was examined, for the first time in the literature miR-129-2-3p was shown to have low expression level in EWS lines and EWS tumor tissue samples, and to provide a tumor suppressor effect

Atypically localized glomus tumor causing anterior interosseous nerve syndrome: A case report

This article presents a 48-year-old male patient who presented with pain in the left forearm and weakness and clumsiness in the left hand of 6 months' duration. Flexor motor strength loss of the thumb and the index finger was present and neurophysiologic tests showed findings compatible with axonal injury in the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) innervated muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space-occupying lesion in the proximal forearm resembling a glomus tumor. Excision of the mass and release of the AIN were performed. Histopathology confirmed a glomus tumor, and the patient remains asymptomatic at 1 year postoperatively. We stress the importance of imaging studies in patients when a suspected secondary nature of nerve entrapment is present. Keywords: Glomus tumor, Anterior interosseous nerve syndrom

Unusual appearances of benign bone cysts : Retrospective review of 452 cases.

This retrospective study reviewed unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) and aneurysmal cysts (ABCs) of bone with a total of 452 patients treated at Baltalimani Bone Diseases Education and Research Hospital, Turkey between 1981 and 2012. The aim of this study is to determine the unusual sites of common benign bone cysts which are relatively common in orthopaedic practice.There were 353 patients in the UBC group and 99 patients in the ABC group. Humerus, femur and calcaneus were the most common sites of involvement in the UBC group and femur, humerus, tibia and fibula were the most common sites of involvement in the ABC group. Unusual locations for the both groups were forearm, hand and foot bones. As a result the possibility of ABC and UBC must be kept in mind in every bone, especially for ABCs it is important to remember that nearly half of cases seen in unusual places

Minimally invasive management of unstable proximal femoral extracapsular fractures using reverse LISS femoral locking plates

The efficacy of the reverse Less Invasive Plating System in the management of unstable proximal femoral extracapsular fractures was retrospectively evaluated. Twenty-seven patients with complex proximal femoral fractures were identified. There were three open fractures. The mean age was 71 years (range; 65-79). The mean follow up was 24 months (range; 15-32). The main outcome measures were union, union time, requirement for secondary procedures, development of deep infection, pain, and functional impairment. Nonunion was observed in one patient. The average Harris hip score at the last assessment was 73 points (range 58-85). The outcome was adversely affected by concomitant medical problems, anatomical reduction and fixation of the plate. The use of this plate in the management of proximal femoral fractures of all types may be a safe and alternative method to other treatment options. (Hip International 2009; 19: 141-7

Anatomic Course of the Superficial Branch of the Radial Nerve in the Wrist and Its Location in Relation to Wrist Arthroscopy Portals: A Cadaveric Study

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the course of the superficial branch of the radial nerve (SBRN) at the level of the wrist and its branches in relation to wrist arthroscopy portals. Methods: Dissections were performed on I I hands from 6 cadavers in the section starting from the point where the SBRN begins to emerge and ending at the terminal branches of the dorsal hand. The distribution of the SBRN, the distance from the superficial branch to the dorsal portals used in wrist arthroscopy, and the distance from the superficial branch to the anatomic determinants (styloid process of the radius, Lister tubercle) were studied. Results: At the level of the wrist, the nerve bifurcated into 2 branches in 8 of I I wrists (73%) and into 3 branches in 3 of I I wrists (27%). The mean distance from the SBRN where it was first detected proximal to the Lister tubercle was 73 mm. The mean distance between the styloids was 52 rum; the distance between the Lister tubercle and styloid process of the radius was 23 trim. At the wrist level, the distance from the branch closest to the radial side to the Lister tubercle was 28 mm (L-D 1), 21 mm (L-D2/3), and 7 mm (RS-D1). The distance of the closest nerve branch to the 3-4 portal was 9 min. The distances of the other portals were 5 mm (1-2RMC-D1), 8 min (1-2RMC-D2/3), 8 mm (1-2P-D1), and 9 mm (1-2P-D2/3). Conclusions: The limited size of the area where portals can be positioned and the anatomic variations between individuals are major obstacles in developing a guideline for reducing the risk of SBRN injury in wrist arthroscopy. Clinical Relevance: Great care must be taken when using the 1-2 portal. We suggest making a skin-only incision for this portal and then using blunt dissection to help prevent injury to the SBRN

Extramembranous transfer of the tibialis posterior tendon for the correction of drop foot deformity

Objectives: We evaluated the effectiveness of extra-membranous transfer of the tibialis posterior (TP) tendon for the treatment of drop foot deformity

Short-term results of the Oxford phase 3 unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for medial arthritis

Objectives: We evaluated short-term results of the Oxford phase 3 unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in patients with medial compartment arthritis

Large diameter metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty for Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip

The short-term results of middle-aged patients with severe developmental dysplasia of the hip treated with subtrochanteric femoral shortening and cementless large diameter metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical and radiological results of 15 hips of 13 patients with Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip were enrolled in this study. The average follow-up period was 49 months (36-62 months). The average age of patients at the time of surgery was 45.5 years (range, 36-65 years). Radiographs were evaluated for component position, subsidence, loosening, and osteolysis. Intraoperatively, two patients had a small proximal femoral shaft split that was held with a cable wire. The average preoperative Harris hip score was 58; at 3 years, 82. Trendelenburg sign was negative in 11 hips at the last assessment. Loosening, subsidence, infection, dislocation, hypersensitivity and neurovascular complications were not observed. One hip had to be revised 1 year after surgery because of nonunion at the osteotomy site. Our study shows that large diameter metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty, incorporating subtrochanteric femoral shortening, decreases dislocation rate and provides excellent results for the completely dislocated hip. (Hip International 2009; 19: 309-14