Behaviour of concrete elements under the transversal forces and strengthening with the FRP

The behaviour of concrete elements, in this case the beams under the different loadings result with the capacity of section. In analyzing process results are followed with the deflections of beams and the cracks. In this paper we analyse the type, form and dimensions of cracks under the third point load method of applied loads in simple concrete beam. To improve the capacity we use the different types of FRP, including the GFRP and CFRP, comparing the deflections and cracks. The focused parameters are in using the different methods for transversal force , including the primary forms with steel stirrups and the new proposal for using the outside stirrups from FRP. The all analyses presented in this paper are based on the analytical model and experimental results. The behaviour of beams under the mixed form with ordinary steel stirrups and proposal stirrups from FRP, successfully increase the energetic capacity of sections

APPARATUS FOR THE AUTOMATED PIPETTING AND RELATED PROCESS

It is herein described an apparatus for the automated pipetting arranged to automatically aspirate, transfer and dispense a liquid, such as a biological sample or a reagent, comprising: - an air displacement system to aspirate and dispense a determined volume of liquid, including a pneumatic circuit and a pressure and vacuum source (3), - pipetting means (2) comprising at least one pipetting head (6) connected to said source (3) by means of said pneumatic circuit, - a pipetting tip (21 ) arranged to contain the aspirated liquid, following the activation of the air displacement system to aspirate and dispense a determined volume of liquid, - an internal duct (9) arranged to convey the air displacement generated by said pressure and vacuum source (3), up to the end of the pipetting tip (21 ), so as to perform the operations of aspiration and dispensing of liquid, - a first solenoid valve (4) in communication with the internal duct (9), arranged to control the leakage or retention of the air flow introduced by the source (3), said first solenoid valve (4) being in a normally closed position, - a flow sensor (8) arranged to detect the volume of aspirated/dispensed liquid, wherein said flow sensor (8) is a MEMS thermal sensor