Способность экстракта икры окуня и лиофилизата овариальной жидкости осетра ускорять восстановление фибробластов после стресс-индуцированного преждевременного старения

Ovarian liquid and fish roe are valuable sources of biologically active compounds. In order to study mechanisms of aging and also to search for biologically active compounds capable of inhibiting aging, we have modelled premature senescence in human embryonic fibroblasts by incubating of cells with H2O2. Cell senescence was assessed by staining for β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) at pH 6.0; cell proliferation was further evaluated by the optical method. The dried ovarian liquid of the Siberian sturgeon and the extract of the perch roe were able to enhance recovery of the cells after induction of their premature senescence caused by oxidative stress. In contrast to the extract from perch roe and the extracts from fish muscle, dried ovarian fluid gave such an effect without the growth of proliferation.Овариальная жидкость и икра рыб представляют собой ценные источники биологически активных соединений. С целью изучения механизмов старения, а также обнаружения биологически-активных соединений, способных ему препятствовать, производили моделирование данного процесса in vitro, инкубируя культуры эмбриональных фибробластов человека с пероксидом водорода. Индуцированное клеточное старение оценивали путём окрашивания на β-галактозидазу (SA-β-Gal) при рН 6.0, пролиферацию клеток - оптическим методом. Лиофилизат овариальной жидкости осетра сибирского (Acipenser baerii) и экстракт икры окуня обыкновенного (Perca fluviatilis) способны усиливать восстановление клеток после индукции их преждевременного старения, вызванного окислительным стрессом. В отличие от экстракта икры окуня и экстрактов из мышечной ткани рыб, высушенная овариальная жидкость оказывала такой эффект без роста пролиферации

Tissue-Specific Expression of Genes Involved in Cellular Transportation in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Exposed to Cadmium

Juvenile common carp were treated with Cd2+ at a sublethal concentration for Cyprinidae (6.4 mg/L). The expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit genes (NR2A, NR2B) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 1 gene (ABCC1) was compared between treated and untreated fish. In addition, cadmium accumulation in the fish tissues was assessed. NR2A was 18.9-fold upregulated by Cd2+ in the eyes (choroid + retina), which accumulated Cd, and was not upregulated in brain, which didn’t accumulate Cd. This may have been caused by the blocking of calcium channels by Cd2+, which has a very similar ionic radius to that of Ca2+. ABCC1 was 2.6-fold upregulated in gills and was not upregulated in liver; both tissues accumulated high levels of Cd. This difference may have been caused by the accumulation of predominantly previously inactivated Cd in liver or by some difference in the mechanisms of self-detoxification from Cd2+ in fish gills and liver. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

Markers of Epstein-Barr virus in clinical assessment of Russian patients with nasopharyngeal cancer [Маркеры вируса Эпштейна-Барр в оценке клинического состояния российских больных раком носоглотки]

Introduction. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is equally widespread in the endemic and non-endemic world regions for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). High incidence of NPC in endemic countries and low in non-endemic countries suggest there are different mechanisms and conditions for tumor occurrence and, possibly, different clinical significance of EBV-associated markers. However, significance of these markers for determining NPC in non-endemic regions is still poorly understood. Objective - to determine clinical significance of titers of IgG/IgA antibodies to EBV capsid antigen and concentrations of the viral DNA in patients' blood plasma as diagnostic and monitoring markers for NPC in a non-endemic region of Russia. Materials and methods. Titers of EB-specific antibodies were determined by indirect immunofluorescence, and concentration of the viral DNA in plasma was measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction in real time. Study group included patients with NPC (n = 96), and control group - blood donors (n = 171) and patients with other head and neck tumors (n = 33). Results. Titers of IgG/IgA antibodies to EBV capsid antigen, being an important diagnostic marker of nasopharyngeal cancer, did not always correlate with patients' clinical condition. Humoral response to emerging events often delayed due to inertia of the immune system. Concentration of EBV DNA in patients' blood plasma clearly reflected the dynamics of the pathological process: it decreased to background values in remission and increased while the disease progressed. In contrast to endemic regions, we did not find any correlation between the studied EBV markers and clinical manifestations of the disease, evaluated in accordance with the TNM classification (Tumor, Nodus and Metastasis). Conclusion. In non-endemic countries, such as Russia, serological and molecular markers of EBV can be successfully used for the primary diagnosis of NPC. However, for the disease monitoring, it is preferable to use the value of the concentrations of circulating EBV DNA, which, in contrast to the values of IgG/IgA antibody titers to VCA EBV, more accurately reflect the patient's clinical condition. © 2021 Uspehi Molekularnoj Onkologii. All rights reserved