Effect of Cobalt Supplementation on Performance of growing Calves

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of critical supplementation of wheat straw with cobalt on fibre utilization and nutrient utilization in growing cross-bred male calves. Twenty-one crossbred (HF X Local) male growing calves of 3-4 months age were fed with wheat straw based diet consisting without (Co0) and with 1 (Co1) and 6 (Co6) ppm cobalt as cobaltous chloride. There was no significant difference in intake of wheat straw, concentrate and DMI between the three groups and the ratio between concentrate and wheat straw was maintained at 40:60 irrespective of dietary level of cobalt. Similarly, average cumulative body weight, net gain in body weight or feed efficiency did not differ significantly between treatments. No significant effect was observed on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and fibre constituents like NDF, ADF, hemicellulose or cellulose by supplementation of 1 and 6 ppm Co to the diet of growing calves. Balance of nutrients such as Nitrogen, Calcium and Phosphorus was similar and positive in all the treatment groups. TDN and DCP values of the experimental diets remained almost similar irrespective of dietary level of cobalt. [Veterinary World 2008; 1(10.000): 299-302

Trust Management in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks and Internet-of-Vehicles: Current Trends and Future Research Directions

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) and internet-of-vehicles (IoV) are complex networks which provide a unique platform for vehicles to communicate and exchange critical information (such as collision avoidance warnings) with each other in an intelligent manner. Thus, the information disseminated in the network should be authentic and originated from legitimate vehicles. Creating a trusted environment in the network can enable the vehicles to identify and revoke malicious ones. Trust is an important concept in VANET and IoV to achieve security in the network, where every vehicle equipped with an appropriate trust model can evaluate the trustworthiness of the received information and its sender. This chapter discusses trust in both VANET and IoV and identifies various trust models developed for VANET and IoV. The contribution of this chapter is threefold. First, the authors present a detailed taxonomy of trust models in VANET and IoV. Second, they provide current trends in the domain of trust management specifically for VANET and IoV, and finally, they provide various open research directions

Effects of weather parameters on Guava fruit fly (Bactrocera zonata) population at IARI, New Delhi

Relationship of each of the weather parameters viz., maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), rainfall (RF), morning relative humidity (RH), evening relative humidity (RH 2,) and bright sunshine hours (BSS) of six years (2007-2012) at IARI (New Delhi) was individually explored with peaks of guava fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata MAT (Male Annihilation Technique) trap catches. Peaks of fruit fly trap catches exhibited significant correlation with Tmax, RH1, RH2, RF and BSS of April 1st week and Tmin of March 3rd week. Weather-based prediction model for guava fruit fly was developed by regressing peaks of fruit fly trap catches on mean values of different weather parameters of aforesaid weeks (R2=0.80). Of the weather parameters, only Tmax, Tmin, RH2 and BSS were found to be relevant through stepwise regression

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Not AvailableMoringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. Moringa oleifera grown and used in many countries around the world is a multi-purpose tree with medicinal, nutritional and socioeconomic values. Most plant parts of the Moringa are edible. It is already established the medicinal uses of M. Oleifera leaves by different local communities of world and identified several phytochemicals present in M. oleifera extracts. Malnutrition causes a great deal of human suffering and is associated with more than half of all deaths of children worldwide. Malnutrition severely affects the socio-economic development of a nation because a work force that is stunted both mentally and physically may have a reduced work capacity. Thus nutrition plays an important role in the reproduction of poverty from one generation to the next. Not only is the M.oleifera tree extraordinary in that all parts of the tree are edible, but the most amazing aspect of the tree is its exceptionally high nutritional value. Moringa tree can be utilized in treating the malnutrition in a local and cost-effective manner. Present review focuses on the potential benefits of M. oleifera in treatment of malnutrition.Not Availabl