15 research outputs found
Cultural differences in intimacy: The influence of gender-role ideology and individualism-collectivism
Two studies examined emotional intimacy in European Canadian and Chinese Canadian dating relationships. Cultural differences in gender-role ideology and individualismâcollectivism
were hypothesized to differentially contribute to selfdisclosure and responsiveness, and in turn, intimacy. Study 1 revealed that Chinese Canadiansâ lower intimacy relative to European Canadians was mediated by their greater gender-role traditionalism but not by their individualism or collectivism. Study 2 further linked greater gender-role traditionalism to
lower self-disclosure, and in turn, lower intimacy. Results also revealed that Chinese Canadiansâ lower intimacy mediated their lower relationship satisfaction and higher rate of relationship termination in Study 1, but that Chinese Canadians were not any more likely to terminate their relationships in Study 2
DocĂȘncia e exaustĂŁo emocional Teaching and emotional exhaustion
Um estudo epidemiolĂłgico transversal com todos os 808 professores da Rede Municipal de Ensino de VitĂłria da Conquista, Bahia, encontrou elevadas prevalĂȘncias de queixas de cansaço mental (70,1%) e de nervosismo (49,2%). Diversos fatores de risco associaram-se a cansaço mental e a nervosismo: idade >27 anos, ser mulher, ter filhos, escolaridade mĂ©dia, lecionar >5 anos, vĂnculo de trabalho estĂĄvel, trabalho em zona urbana, carga horĂĄria semanal >35h, renda >360 reais, sobrecarga domĂ©stica mĂ©dia/alta, nĂŁo ter atividades de lazer, alta demanda no trabalho e baixo suporte social. A classificação do trabalho docente, segundo o Modelo Demanda-Controle de Karasek, revelou os quadrantes "baixa exigĂȘncia" (40,3%) e "trabalho ativo" (39,7%), ambos com alto controle das atividades por parte dos professores. Professores em trabalho de "alta exigĂȘncia" e "trabalho ativo" apresentaram prevalĂȘncias de cansaço mental e de nervosismo mais elevadas que aqueles de "baixa exigĂȘncia".<br>An epidemiological cross-sectional study among the 808 teachers from VitĂłria da Conquista, State of Bahia, Brazil, revealed that most of them complained of mental tiredness (70,1%) and nervousness (49,2%). Several risk factors were statistically associated with mental tiredness and nervousness: age > 27 years, being female, having children, having secondary education, teaching for >5 years, stable job, working in urban areas, weekly work hours e"35 hours, income > BRL 360 (± USD 185), medium/high domestic overload, having no leisure activity, high psychological demand at work and low social support. According to Karasek's demand-control model, teachers' work was classified in the "low strain" (40.3%) and "active work" (39.7%) quadrants, both with high control of activities by teachers. Teachers with "high strain" and "active work" presented higher prevalence of mental tiredness and of nervousness than those with "low strain" jobs
Quality of Work Life: Theoretical and Methodological Problems, and Presentation of a New Model and Measuring Instrument
quality of work life, theoretical model, quality of life, systemic approach,
Family involvement and helping behaviour in teams
Helping behavior at work has become increasingly important, with organizations making more
and more use of cooperative work practices. The difficulty is that employees are facing growing
demands beyond the workplace. This study investigates the mechanisms by which family
involvement (family structure, family tasks, family support) affects helping behavior in teams.
Based on a sample of 495 team members, the results show that having a supportive partner and
performing care tasks increase helping behavior via enhanced fulfillment and skills. Having
young children is directly and negatively related to helping behavior. The authors also conducted
separate analyses for men and women.