74 research outputs found
Paraxial propagation in amorphous optical media with screw dislocation
We study paraxial beam propagation parallel to the screw axis of a dislocated
amorphous medium that is optically weakly inhomogeneous and isotropic. The
effect of the screw dislocation on the beam's orbital angular momentum is shown
to change the optical vortex strength, rendering vortex annihilation or
generation possible. Furthermore, the dislocation is shown to induce a weak
\textit{biaxial} anisotropy in the medium due to the elasto-optic effect, which
changes the beam's spin angular momentum as well as causing precession of the
polarization. We derive the equations of motion of the beam and demonstrate the
optical Hall effect in the dislocated medium. Its application with regard to
determining the Burgers vector as well as the elasto-optic coefficients of the
medium is explained
Transverse Shifts in Paraxial Spinoptics
The paraxial approximation of a classical spinning photon is shown to yield
an "exotic particle" in the plane transverse to the propagation. The previously
proposed and observed position shift between media with different refractive
indices is modified when the interface is curved, and there also appears a
novel, momentum [direction] shift. The laws of thin lenses are modified
accordingly.Comment: 3 pages, no figures. One detail clarified, some misprints corrected
and references adde
Atom Chips
Atoms can be trapped and guided using nano-fabricated wires on surfaces,
achieving the scales required by quantum information proposals. These Atom
Chips form the basis for robust and widespread applications of cold atoms
ranging from atom optics to fundamental questions in mesoscopic physics, and
possibly quantum information systems
Topological spin transport of photons: "magnetic monopole" gauge field in Maxwell equations and polarization splitting of rays in periodically inhomogeneous media
Topological spin transport of electromagnetic waves (photons) in stationary
smoothly inhomogeneous isotropic medium is studied. By diagonalizing photon
kinetic energy in Maxwell equations we derive the non-Abelian pure gauge
potential in the momentum space, which in adiabatic approximation for
transverse waves takes the form of two Abelian U(1) potentials corresponding to
magnetic monopole-type fields. These fields act on circularly polarized waves
resulting in the topological spin transport of photons. We deduce general
semiclassical (geometrical optics) ray equations that take into account a
Lorentz-type force of the magnetic-monopole-like gauge field. Detailed analysis
of rays in 3D medium with 2D periodic inhomogeneity is presented. It is shown
that rays located initially in the inhomogeneity plane experience topological
deflections or splitting that move them out from this plane. The dependence of
the rays' deflection on the parameters of the medium and on the direction of
propagation is studied.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure
Properties of Microelectromagnet Mirrors as Reflectors of Cold Rb Atoms
Cryogenically cooled microelectromagnet mirrors were used to reflect a cloud
of free-falling laser-cooled 85Rb atoms at normal incidence. The mirrors
consisted of microfabricated current-carrying Au wires in a periodic serpentine
pattern on a sapphire substrate. The fluorescence from the atomic cloud was
imaged after it had bounced off a mirror. The transverse width of the cloud
reached a local minimum at an optimal current corresponding to minimum mirror
roughness. A distinct increase in roughness was found for mirror configurations
with even versus odd number of lines. These observations confirm theoretical
predictions.Comment: Physical Review A, in print; 11 pages, 4 figure
Options for the Neutron Lifetime Measurements in Traps
Different geometries for the neutron lifetime measurements by the method of
ultracold neutron storage in material traps and additional possibilities for
the neutron storage in the magnetic storage ring are considered.Comment: 21 p., 11 figure
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