Компенсаторная компетенция на уроках английского языка

Вопрос сущности компенсаторной компетенции до сих остается актуальным. Это является причиной разногласий в вопросе обучения учащихся устной речи. В данной статье рассматриваются определения компенсаторной компетенции, а также ее значение для обучения иностранному языку. Статья раскрывает особенности приемов по преодолению трудностей, возникающих в устной речи, в первую очередь тех, которые можно преодолеть с помощью компенсаторных стратегий. В статье также предлагается поэтапный план действий по развитию умений спонтанной речи на ступени среднего общего образования. Помимо лингвистических стратегий, в данной работе раскрывается необходимость владения такими недооцененными компенсаторными умениями как мимика и жесты. Также в статье подчеркивается, что главная цель преподавателя – создать благоприятную атмосферу для устных высказываний, поскольку именно от этого факта зависит эффективное общение.Diversified perceptions referring to compensatory competence remain a controversial question. This lead to misconception of how to improve students’ speaking skills. The definitions of the phenomena mentioned above and its significance for foreign language teaching are highlighted in this work. The paper suggests techniques how to eliminate students’ challenges in their oral speech. First of all, with points which can be solved by strategies of compensatory competence. The paper also provides a detailed instruction of training actions during spontaneous speech within the frame of High School education. Besides linguistic strategies it covers the necessity to use facial expressions, gestures which are still underrated while communication. It is also emphasized that teacher’s overriding purpose is to provide speaking boosting atmosphere, as effective communication precisely depends on this fact

Modeling the Antitubulin Activity of Benzimidazol-2-yl Carbamates: Mini-review

The biological activity of 5-benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate derivatives is associated with their ability to form a complex with /3-tubulin and, consequently, disrupt the process of assembly of microtubules of the cytoskeleton of cells. Over the past 10 years, the understanding of the binding of 5-benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate derivatives to the /3-tubulin subunit has increased significantly, mainly due to the published crystal structures of their ligand-receptor complexes. However, some details of this process could be predicted based on the results of molecular modeling before the publication of the corresponding crystal data. This mini-review summarizes the results of such works. © 2021 Author(s).This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 18-316-20018)

MODELING THE ANTITUBULIN ACTIVITY OF BENZIMIDAZOL-2-YL CARBAMATES: MINIREVIEW

Computer modeling has become the commonly used method to explain biological activity of substances [1]. Despite the technical attractiveness of this approach, there are serious difficulties in creating a theoretical model that would correspond to the experimental data [2]. The purpose of this mini-review is to systematize scientific efforts to predict the binding site of benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate derivatives with β-tubulin. Interest in the generalization of these studies is due to the fact that while the crystal structure of the complex tubulin with methyl [5-(2-thienylcarbonyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl] carbamate 1 was published only in 2015 (PDB id 5CA1, Figure 1), some details of the interaction of benzimidazol-2-yl carbamates with β-tubulin could be predicted before it. This mini-review summarizes the results of such works.This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 18-316-20018)

MicroRNA level in patients with stable coronary artery disease with borderline coronary artery stenosis

Aim. To assess the level of microRNA (miR) -21, -22, -126, -221 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with borderline coronary artery stenosis depending on comorbidities and sex.Material and methods. We examined 37 patients with class 1-3 stable CAD aged 49-59 years with borderline (40-70%) coronary artery stenosis. The relative level of miRNA was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. P<0,05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The miR-221 level was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis with a metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) phenotype, but without diabetes (p=0,042). The level of miR-22 and miR-126 was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD phenotype with borderline stenosis and diabetes (p=0,007 and p=0,034, respectively). The analysis of miR levels in stable CAD patients depending on sex, without taking into account the phenotype, found that miR-21 and miR-221 values were higher in men (p=0,021 and p=0,014, respectively). The study of the sex characteristics of miR content in relation to different phenotypes revealed an increase of miR22 levels in men with MUO and diabetes (p=0,048) and an increase of miR-126 levels in women with concomitant diabetes in the comparison both with patients without MUO and diabetes (p=0,018), as well as with MUO and without diabetes (p=0,007). Conclusion. The study of the miRNA level in patients with CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis is of great interest and reflects a promising direction in diagnosis based on comorbid pathology. Keywords: miRNA, obesity phenotypes, coronary artery disease, borderline coronary artery stenosis. Relationships and Activities: none. 1Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk; 2Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk; 3E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia.><0,05 were considered statistically significant.Results. The miR-221 level was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis with a metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) phenotype, but without diabetes (p=0,042). The level of miR-22 and miR-126 was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD phenotype with borderline stenosis and diabetes (p=0,007 and p=0,034, respectively). The analysis of miR levels in stable CAD patients depending on sex, without taking into account the phenotype, found that miR-21 and miR-221 values were higher in men (p=0,021 and p=0,014, respectively). The study of the sex characteristics of miR content in relation to different phenotypes revealed an increase of miR22 levels in men with MUO and diabetes (p=0,048) and an increase of miR-126 levels in women with concomitant diabetes in the comparison both with patients without MUO and diabetes (p=0,018), as well as with MUO and without diabetes (p=0,007).Conclusion. The study of the miRNA level in patients with CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis is of great interest and reflects a promising direction in diagnosis based on comorbid pathology

Human anti-D immunoglobulin preparations: potency standardisation milestones

Human anti-D immunoglobulin preparations derived from human immune plasma are much needed and highly effective for specific anti-D prevention of perinatal complications and treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia. The effectiveness of immune suppression is a direct function of the active ingredient dose received with the medicinal product. To improve the accuracy of anti-D antibody quantification, it is recommended to use certified reference materials with values assigned in international units (IUs). The aim of this study was to analyse the main stages in the development of the international standards (ISs) for human anti-D immunoglobulin potency testing and to substantiate the need for a national standard for anti-Rho(anti-D) antibody quantification. The article describes the creation of the first and subsequent ISs, the procedure for establishing the IU equivalent for the anti-Rho(anti-D) antibody concentration, the characteristics of the raw materials and preparations used, and the anti-Rho(anti-D) antibody assay methods applied to certify the ISs. According to the study conclusions, it is necessary to develop and certify a national standard for the content of anti-Rho(anti-D) antibodies that will meet the requirements of the corresponding Russian regulations

Running Tour as a Social Technology to Attract Young People to a Healthy Lifestyle

В статье рассмотрено нормативно-правовое обеспечение деятельности по привлечению населения к здоровом образу жизни, а также опыт проведения инновационных мероприятий для молодежи в этой области.The article considers the regulatory and legal support of activities to attract the population to a healthy lifestyle, as well as the experience of conducting innovative activities for young people in this region

Quality control of blood components: selection of laboratory testing methods

The blood components transfusion is a significant component of therapy for blood loss, anemia, and surgical operations. One of the main tasks of blood service institutions is the procurement of high-quality transfusion media, the effectiveness of which directly depends on the functioning of the safety system. The implementation of this direction of work is impossible without laboratory testing of the donor biomaterial, a prerequisite for which is the standardization of procedures to ensure the reliability and reproducibility of the results. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing methods for determining hematological parameters and assess their suitability for quality control of blood components. Material and methods. The samples of erythrocyte-containing blood components, fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrate, as well as reference buffer solutions for pH measurement have been tested. To determine the number of blood cells, conductometry with hydrodynamic focusing, counting in the Goryaev chamber and laser flow cytofluorimetry, were used. The pH indicator was measured by potentiometry. The content of general and free hemoglobin was assessed by photometric, hemiglobincyanide and SLS method. The hematocrit value was determined on a hematological analyzer and by centrifugation in hematocrit capillaries. The activity of factor VIII was checked by the clotting method. Results and discussion. The generalized results of the metrological assessment and a comparative analysis of the listed laboratory methods, taking into account their sensitivity and precision have been presented. Conclusions. A list of recommended methods for quality control of blood components is formed, for each of which an assigned convergence characteristic is established

Изучение эффектов диазепама на асцитную карциному Эрлиха и тревожные реакции у мышей самцов популяции SHK

   Сomorbidity of malignant tumors and affective disorders is an urgent problem. It is known that some psychotropic drugs may adversely influence the growth of malignant tumors and metastasis; in the experiment, a connection between neurotransmitters and tumors was established. Earlier, in experiments on mice, the ability of diazepam to stimulate the growth of Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma was demonstrated.   The aim of this study was to assess the role of central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptor sites in the stimulating effect of diazepam on Ehrlich's carcinoma. The effects of diazepam (0.03 and 3.0 mg / kg, intragastric) on the development of Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma and an orientation-exploratory response in the "open field" test on male SHK mice were studied. It was found that diazepam at a dose of 0.03 mg / kg, but not at a dose of 3 mg / kg, increases the cellularity of the malignant ascites. At the same time, diazepam in both doses studied causes an increase in the peripheral motor activity of mice, which indicates an increase in anxiety reactions. It was found that flumazenil, but not PK11195, attenuates the stimulating effect of diazepam on Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma and inhibits the pro-anxiogenic effect of a small dose of diazepam. The results obtained allow us to conclude that there is no associative relationship between the pro-tumor effect of diazepam and its effect on anxiety responses, but at the same time, the participation of central mechanisms in the stimulating effect of benzodiazepine on the tumor cannot be ruled out.   Актуальной проблемой является коморбидность злокачественных опухолей и аффективных расстройств. Известно о неблагоприятном влиянии некоторых психотропных лекарственных средств на злокачественные опухоли и метастазирование, в эксперименте установлена связь нейромедиаторов с опухолями. Известно свойство диазепамa стимулировать рост асцитной карциномы Эрлиха в эксперименте на мышах.   Целью настоящего исследования явилось изучение роли бензодиазепиновых рецепторных сайтов разной локализации в стимулирующем влиянии диазепама на карциному Эрлиха. При использовании фармакологических анализаторов бензодиазепинового сайта центрального ГАМКА рецептора флумазенила (5 мг/кг, подкожно) и блокатора митохондриального транспортного белка 18 кДа соединения PK11195 (5 мг/кг, подкожно) были изучены эффекты диазепама (0,03 и 3,0 мг/кг, интрагастрально) на развитие асцитной карциномы Эрлиха и ориентировочно-исследовательскую реакцию в тесте «открытое поле» на мышах самцах популяции SHK. Установлено, что диазепам в дозе 0,03 мг/кг, но не в дозе 3 мг/кг, увеличивает клеточность опухолевого выпота. Вместе с тем, диазепам в обеих изученных дозах вызывает увеличение периферической двигательной активности у мышей, что указывает на усиление тревожных реакций. Установлено, что флумазенил, но не PK11195, ослабляет стимулирующий эффект диазепама на асцитную карциному Эрлиха и ингибирует про-анксиогенное действие малой дозы диазепама. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод об отсутствии ассоциативной связи между проопухолевым действием диазепама и его влиянием на тревожные реакции, но при этом не исключать участие центральных механизмов в стимулирующем эффекте низких доз бензодиазепина на опухоль