Effect of the chronic administration of ethinyl estradiol and norgestrel on biogenic amine(s) level and monoamine oxidase enzyme activity in rat brain

Adult female virgin rats were administered contraceptive steroids orally for a long period, and the effect of this on the brain biogenic amine(s) content was studied. The amine(s) content of the brain during the course of chronic treatment with the hormones was estimated at various time intervals. In addition to this, the noradrenaline (NA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) content of rat brain regions was assayed after three months of hormone treatment. The onset of the brain amine depletion was observed by the end of the second month of hormone administration. The amine(s) depleting action was found to be due to the norgestrel component of the pill. Studies of the regional distribution of amine(s) showed that the depletion was more prominent in the hypothalamus and pons/medulla oblongata. The assay of the monoamine oxidase enzyme did not reveal any significant change, though the estrogenic and progestogenic hormones were found to have opposing effects on the enzyme levels

Effect of contraceptive steroids on γ-aminobutyric acid metabolism and pyridoxal kinase activity in rat brain

Adult female albino rats were administered oral contraceptive steroids daily for 3 months and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content as well as the GABA metabolizing enzyme(s) activity were assayed. GABA content of the brain was found to be elevated in both estrogenic and progestogenic hormone-treated animals. However, no significant change was observed either in glutamic acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) activity or in γ-aminobutyric acid transminase (EC 2.6.1.19) activity of brain tissue in hormone-treated animals. Interestingly, parallel to the increase of GABA content, a concomitant elevation of pyridoxal kinase (PL-kinase) (EC 2.7.1.35) activity was observed. It seems that the increase in the GABA concentration by the contraceptive steroids might have been mediated through an elevated pyridoxal kinase activity of the brain. The possible mechanism and interrelationship between the metabolic activities is discussed

Hypocalcitonemia in Handigodu Disease: a spondylo epi (meta) physeal dysplasia

Handigodu Disease (HD) is a disorder of the osteoarticular system which is highly prevalent in several villages of two districts viz, Shimoga and Chikmaglur of the state of Karnataka, southern India. The scientific name of the disease is Spondylo-epi-(meta) physeal Dysplasia, Autosomal Dominant variety, Handigodu syndrome. The same has been listed in the International Classification of Skeletal Dysplasias. The calcium homeostasis study was lack in HD. The serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin levels after overnight fast state, and 24 hour urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus were quantified. The decreased level of calcitonin associated with decreased serum total calcium and urinary calcium in HD were observed. The levels of parathyroid hormone, serum phosphorus and urinary phosphorus remain unchanged among HD affected. The Vitamin D3 levels also noticed unchanged in HD affected. Since calcitonin has antiresorption effect on bone, the observed low calcitonin in HD may imply reosrption of bone leading to deformity and causes hypocalcaemia and hypocalciuria. The hypocalcitonemia without change in iPTH associated with hypocalcaemia may be a mutation in Vit D receptor (VDR) or may be an epiphenomenon

Hypocalcitonemia in Handigodu Disease: a spondylo epi (meta) physeal dysplasia

Handigodu Disease (HD) is a disorder of the osteoarticular system which is highly prevalent in several villages of two districts viz, Shimoga and Chikmaglur of the state of Karnataka, southern India. The scientific name of the disease is Spondylo-epi-(meta) physeal Dysplasia, Autosomal Dominant variety, Handigodu syndrome. The same has been listed in the International Classification of Skeletal Dysplasias. The calcium homeostasis study was lack in HD. The serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin levels after overnight fast state, and 24 hour urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus were quantified. The decreased level of calcitonin associated with decreased serum total calcium and urinary calcium in HD were observed. The levels of parathyroid hormone, serum phosphorus and urinary phosphorus remain unchanged among HD affected. The Vitamin D3 levels also noticed unchanged in HD affected. Since calcitonin has antiresorption effect on bone, the observed low calcitonin in HD may imply reosrption of bone leading to deformity and causes hypocalcaemia and hypocalciuria. The hypocalcitonemia without change in iPTH associated with hypocalcaemia may be a mutation in Vit D receptor (VDR) or may be an epiphenomenon

A specific colorimetric assay for Dapsone in biological fluids

The original Bratton and Marshall method for sulfanilamide assay has been modified for differential assay of Dapsone even in the presence of other diazotisable compounds. The property of Dapsone diazo derivative to precipitate out upon its coupling with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylene diamine has been taken advantage to differentiate this sulphone from that of other diazotisable compounds. The present assay method also enables one to assay free DDS and its acid labile metabolites in biological samples even in the presence of other diazotisable compounds. The use of the organic solvent to extract the azo colour complex renders greater sensitivity and specificity for DDS assay

IJCEM1001003

Abstract: Handigodu Disease (HD) is a disorder of the osteoarticular system which is highly prevalent in several villages of two districts viz, Shimoga and Chikmaglur of the state of Karnataka, southern India. The scientific name of the disease is Spondylo-epi-(meta) physeal Dysplasia, Autosomal Dominant variety, Handigodu syndrome. The same has been listed in the International Classification of Skeletal Dysplasias. The calcium homeostasis study was lack in HD. The serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin levels after overnight fast state, and 24 hour urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus were quantified. The decreased level of calcitonin associated with decreased serum total calcium and urinary calcium in HD were observed. The levels of parathyroid hormone, serum phosphorus and urinary phosphorus remain unchanged among HD affected. The Vitamin D3 levels also noticed unchanged in HD affected. Since calcitonin has antiresorption effect on bone, the observed low calcitonin in HD may imply reosrption of bone leading to deformity and causes hypocalcaemia and hypocalciuria. The hypocalcitonemia without change in iPTH associated with hypocalcaemia may be a mutation in Vit D receptor (VDR) or may be an epiphenomenon