Frequency modulation and pulse compression by coherent multimode molecular motion

We study beating of a probe field with a time-varying susceptibility in a coherently prepared Raman medium. We consider the general case of an arbitrary variation of susceptibility, which corresponds to a superposition of an arbitrary number of excited Raman transitions. We derive a general analytical solution and conservation relations for this process. We show that the interference between Raman polarizations may substantially affect frequency modulation and pulse compression for the probe field.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

From the countryside to the cities: a comparative historical analysis of rural-urban migration in Russia and in the Soviet Union during the industrialization drive

Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Voraussetzungen und Umstände in der UdSSR der 30er Jahre, die zu der bisher wohl schnellsten Verstädterung in der Weltgeschichte geführt haben. In der Periode von 1926 bis 1939 zogen ungefähr 19 bis 23 Millionen Landbewohner in die Städte (Zensusdaten). Der Autor fragt nach den 'pull'-Faktoren für diese Entwicklung: Löhne, Unabhängigkeit, Lebensstil oder etwas anderes? Eine mögliche Antwort geben die Zensusdaten des Jahres 1918. Das neu installierte Paßwesen mit der Meldepflicht erlaubte es der kommunistischen Regierung, die für die forcierte Industrialisierung erforderliche Migration politisch zu steuern. (pmb)'The author investigates the prerequisites and circumstances of the most rapid urbanization in world history which took place in the USSR during the 1930s. The work is based on mass statistic sources, for instance, a cencus of 1918. The author of the paper was one who actively participated in processing the original data of that cencus. What were primary 'pull' factors in the cities: salaries, independency, new style of living or something else? Some possibilities for answering these questions exist on the basis of the 1918 cencus data. The courses of passport system in the USSR and the courses of 'propiska' (a stamp in one's passport which indicates a person's residence) are analysed. The reason for this was an attempt of the Soviet government to stop uncontrolled migration.' (author's abstract

The catalogue of the discrete sources in the declination range from -13 deg to -2 deg

The results of the discrete source measurements with declinations -13 deg or = delta or = -2 deg and right ascensions 0 sub h + 24 sub h are given and were obtained as part of the systematic decametric survey of the celestial sphere with the rotatiotelecope UTR-2. Three hundred sixteen sources were found in the given declination range, four of which were observed for the first time. The source coordinates measured in the survey were compared with those from the 4th Cambridge survey at 178 MHz and the Parkes survey at 408 MHz