A second-order closure analysis of turbulent diffusion flames

A complete second-order closure computer program for the investigation of compressible, turbulent, reacting shear layers was developed. The equations for the means and the second order correlations were derived from the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and contain third order and higher order correlations, which have to be modeled in terms of the lower-order correlations to close the system of equations. In addition to fluid mechanical turbulence models and parameters used in previous studies of a variety of incompressible and compressible shear flows, a number of additional scalar correlations were modeled for chemically reacting flows, and a typical eddy model developed for the joint probability density function for all the scalars. The program which is capable of handling multi-species, multistep chemical reactions, was used to calculate nonreacting and reacting flows in a hydrogen-air diffusion flame

Parameter Estimation and Model Order Identification of LTI Systems

In this paper, a sparsity seeking optimization method for estimating the parameters along with the order of output error models of single-input and single output (SISO), linear time invariant (LH) system is proposed. It is demonstrated with the help of simulations that the proposed algorithm gives accurate parameter and order estimates on a variety of systems

Management and functional outcome of Galeazzi fracture dislocation: a single centre retrospective study

Background:Galeazzi fracture dislocation is an unstable fracture dislocation of forearm that includes fracture of distal third or fourth shaft of radius with dislocation of distal radioulnar joint. The aim of the study was to analyse the management and functional outcome of Galeazzi fracture dislocation managed with fixation of radius fracture and distal radioulnar joint stabilisation with two Kirschner wires.Methods:Thirty one patients with Galeazzi fracture dislocation were managed with plate fixation for radius fracture and distal radioulnar joint stabilisation with 2 Kirschner wires. They were clinically and radiographically assessed for functional outcome as well as union, distal radioulnar joint stability and any arthrosis of the wrist joint.Results:Functional outcome was assessed based on disability of shoulder, arm, and hand index. 94% of the patients in our series had good to fair outcome with 6% having poor outcome.Conclusions:All Galeazzi fracture dislocation should be managed with plate fixation for radius fracture and Kirschner wire stabilisation of distal radioulnar joint followed by splinting for 6 weeks for best functional outcome