1,242 research outputs found
Isolamento de um inibidor de tripsina de sementes de Hymenaea courbaril Lee & Langenh por cromatografia de troca iônica.
Avaliação da estabilidade térmica de inibidores de papaína em sementes de Moringa oleifera (Lam.).
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement and steering in two-well BEC ground states
We consider how to generate and detect Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)
entanglement and the steering paradox between groups of atoms in two separated
potential wells in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We present experimental
criteria for this form of entanglement, and propose experimental strategies for
detecting entanglement using two or four mode ground states. These approaches
use spatial and/or internal modes. We also present higher order criteria that
act as signatures to detect the multiparticle entanglement present in this
system. We point out the difference between spatial entanglement using
separated detectors, and other types of entanglement that do n}ot require
spatial separation. The four-mode approach with two spatial and two internal
modes results in an entanglement signature with spatially separated detectors,
conceptually similar to the original EPR paradox.Comment: 15 pages, changes mad
Experimental investigation of the dynamics of entanglement: Sudden death, complementarity, and continuous monitoring of the environment
We report on an experimental investigation of the dynamics of entanglement
between a single qubit and its environment, as well as for pairs of qubits
interacting independently with individual environments, using photons obtained
from parametric down-conversion. The qubits are encoded in the polarizations of
single photons, while the interaction with the environment is implemented by
coupling the polarization of each photon with its momentum. A convenient Sagnac
interferometer allows for the implementation of several decoherence channels
and for the continuous monitoring of the environment. For an
initially-entangled photon pair, one observes the vanishing of entanglement
before coherence disappears. For a single qubit interacting with an
environment, the dynamics of complementarity relations connecting single-qubit
properties and its entanglement with the environment is experimentally
determined. The evolution of a single qubit under continuous monitoring of the
environment is investigated, demonstrating that a qubit may decay even when the
environment is found in the unexcited state. This implies that entanglement can
be increased by local continuous monitoring, which is equivalent to
entanglement distillation. We also present a detailed analysis of the transfer
of entanglement from the two-qubit system to the two corresponding
environments, between which entanglement may suddenly appear, and show
instances for which no entanglement is created between dephasing environments,
nor between each of them and the corresponding qubit: the initial two-qubit
entanglement gets transformed into legitimate multiqubit entanglement of the
Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) type.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures; only .ps was working, now .pdf is also
availabl
Embracing additive manufacture: implications for foot and ankle orthosis design
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The design of foot and ankle orthoses is currently limited by the methods used to fabricate the devices, particularly in terms of geometric freedom and potential to include innovative new features. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, where objects are constructed via a series of sub-millimetre layers of a substrate material, may present the opportunity to overcome these limitations and allow novel devices to be produced that are highly personalised for the individual, both in terms of fit and functionality.</p> <p>Two novel devices, a foot orthosis (FO) designed to include adjustable elements to relieve pressure at the metatarsal heads, and an ankle foot orthosis (AFO) designed to have adjustable stiffness levels in the sagittal plane, were developed and fabricated using AM. The devices were then tested on a healthy participant to determine if the intended biomechanical modes of action were achieved.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The adjustable, pressure relieving FO was found to be able to significantly reduce pressure under the targeted metatarsal heads. The AFO was shown to have distinct effects on ankle kinematics which could be varied by adjusting the stiffness level of the device.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results presented here demonstrate the potential design freedom made available by AM, and suggest that it may allow novel personalised orthotic devices to be produced which are beyond the current state of the art.</p
The Emerging Role of Ofatumumab in the Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has evolved over the past decade. Our better understanding of disease biology and risk stratification has allowed delivering more effective therapies. In fact, front-line chemoimmunotherapy has demonstrated improvement in overall survival when compared to chemotherapy in randomized studies. Yet, treatment of relapsed CLL remains challenging and few agents are effective in that setting. Ofatumumab (Ofa) is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against CD20 with demonstrable activity in rituximab-resistant CLL cell lines. This agent was recently approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory CLL patients who have failed fludarabine and alemtuzumab. In this review, we provide a historical perspective on approaches to CLL as front-line and in the relapsed setting. We further summarize novel anti-CD20 antibodies with specific emphasis on ofa. We review studies that led to ofatumumab’s approval including pre-clinical data, trials using ofa in combination therapies, and adverse events/toxicities reported with this agent
Transverse Ising Model: Markovian evolution of classical and quantum correlations under decoherence
The transverse Ising Model (TIM) in one dimension is the simplest model which
exhibits a quantum phase transition (QPT). Quantities related to quantum
information theoretic measures like entanglement, quantum discord (QD) and
fidelity are known to provide signatures of QPTs. The issue is less well
explored when the quantum system is subjected to decoherence due to its
interaction, represented by a quantum channel, with an environment. In this
paper we study the dynamics of the mutual information , the
classical correlations and the quantum correlations
, as measured by the QD, in a two-qubit state the density matrix
of which is the reduced density matrix obtained from the ground state of the
TIM in 1d. The time evolution brought about by system-environment interactions
is assumed to be Markovian in nature and the quantum channels considered are
amplitude damping, bit-flip, phase-flip and bit-phase-flip. Each quantum
channel is shown to be distinguished by a specific type of dynamics. In the
case of the phase-flip channel, there is a finite time interval in which the
quantum correlations are larger in magnitude than the classical correlations.
For this channel as well as the bit-phase-flip channel, appropriate quantities
associated with the dynamics of the correlations can be derived which signal
the occurrence of a QPT.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, revtex4-1, version accepted for publication in
Eur. Phys. J.
Single agent rituximab in patients with follicular or mantle cell lymphoma: clinical and biological factors that are predictive of response and event-free survival as well as the effect of rituximab on the immune system: a study of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK)
Background: Predictive factors of rituximab efficacy and its effect on the immune system are still not defined. Patients and methods: Three hundred and six patients with follicular or mantle cell lymphoma received four weekly doses of rituximab (induction) and no further treatment (arm A) or four more doses at 2-month intervals (arm B). Results: Response rate to induction was 44%. Independent predictive factors for response were disease bulk <5 cm, follicular histology, normal hemoglobin and low lymphocyte count. Factors associated with event-free survival (EFS) were having responded to induction, having received not more than one line of therapy, Ann Arbor stage I-III, high lymphocyte count, disease bulk <5 cm, Fc-gamma receptor genotype VV and receiving prolonged treatment. B cells were suppressed by treatment but recovered after a median of 12 months in arm A and 18 months in arm B. The median IgM level after 1 year was normal in arm A but was decreased to 73% of baseline in arm B. We observed 24 serious adverse events, equally distributed between arms. Ten patients receiving induction only and six patients receiving prolonged treatment developed a second tumor. Conclusions: We defined the characteristics predicting response and EFS to rituximab. Prolonged treatment results in longer EFS at the cost of a longer reduction in B cell and IgM levels, but without additional clinical toxicit
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