Electronic structure of Fe and magnetism in the 3d/5d3d/5d double perovskites Ca2_2FeReO6_6 and Ba2_2FeReO6_6

The Fe electronic structure and magnetism in (i) monoclinic Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$ with a metal-insulator transition at $T_{MI} \sim 140$ K and (ii) quasi-cubic half-metallic Ba$_2$FeReO$_6$ ceramic double perovskites are probed by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). These materials show distinct Fe $L_{2,3}$ XAS and XMCD spectra, which are primarily associated with their different average Fe oxidation states (close to Fe$^{3+}$ for Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$ and intermediate between Fe$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{3+}$ for Ba$_2$FeReO$_6$) despite being related by an isoelectronic (Ca$^{2+}$/Ba$^{2+}$) substitution. For Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$, the powder-averaged Fe spin moment along the field direction ($B = 5$ T), as probed by the XMCD experiment, is strongly reduced in comparison with the spontaneous Fe moment previously obtained by neutron diffraction, consistent with a scenario where the magnetic moments are constrained to remain within an easy plane. For $B=1$ T, the unsaturated XMCD signal is reduced below $T_{MI}$ consistent with a magnetic transition to an easy-axis state that further reduces the powder-averaged magnetization in the field direction. For Ba$_2$FeReO$_6$, the field-aligned Fe spins are larger than for Ca$_2$FeReO$_6$ ($B=5$ T) and the temperature dependence of the Fe magnetic moment is consistent with the magnetic ordering transition at $T_C^{Ba} = 305$ K. Our results illustrate the dramatic influence of the specific spin-orbital configuration of Re $5d$ electrons on the Fe $3d$ local magnetism of these Fe/Re double perovskites.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

Multi-User Ranging Code Detection in OFDMA System Using MMLD Algorithm for Improving Detection Performance

Successive user detection algorithm is used to observe the multi user ranging signals and calculate there corresponding parameters. Using IEEE 802.16 specification in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), initial ranging method designed an algorithm called Moment Maximum Likelihood Detection (MMLD) to detect the codes assigned and predicting offset timing. The objective function which is derived from the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is used in the MMLD to cancel the channel estimation errors and Multiple Access Interference (MAI). To reduce the MAI over the iteration, the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) algorithm is designed in the MMLD. The experimental results indicate that the system is highly accurate

Conformal Change of Finsler Special (α, β)- Metric is of Douglas Type

In this present article, we are devoted to study the necessary and sufficient conditions for a Finsler space with a special (α, β)-metric i.e., F = c1α + c2β + β 2 α ; c2 = 0; to be a Douglas space and also to be Berwald space, where α is Riemannian metric and β is differential 1-form. In the second part of this article we are discussing about conformal change of Douglas space with special (α, β)-metric

A Dynamic Parallel and Pipelined Architecture for Intra Prediction in H.265 Standard

In the present world where technology is growing faster, the video based applications are rapidly increasing and needs a technology which supports high resolution videos. High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) method is one which works on 4K and 8K video applications. In this work we have implemented the new parallel and a hardware accelerator which is highly efficient for the intra prediction blocks. Due to parallel and pipelined architecture, Intra Prediction speeds up the process of prediction and also minimizes the time required for accessing the data from the memory. The given architecture design reduces Area, Power and Delay elements. The results when compared with different FPGA versions shows that our architecture consumes 69 LUTs in ZYNQ FPGA for 4X4 pixels

Template based Mole Detection for Face Recognition

Face recognition is used for personal identification. The Template based Mole Detection for Face Recognition (TBMDFR) algorithm is proposed to verify authentication of a person by detection and validation of prominent moles present in the skin region of a face. Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) matching, complement of Gaussian template and skin segmen tation is used to identify and validate mole by fixing predefined NCC threshold values. It is observed that the NCC values of TBMDFR are much higher compared to the existing algorithms

Design and Implementation of High Speed Bi-directional Transceiver for Low Power Applications

In this paper, a new bi-directional transceiver has been proposed for high speed signaling. The new proposed transceiver architecture has two modes of operation namely, the transmitter and the receiver. Transceiver on either side supports two way communications via same link. Since high transimpedance gain over a large bandwidth in the receiving mode, the signaling current can be reduced to a very low value. The proposed circuit is designed in 90nm technology with the supply voltage of 1.8V

STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOL AS AN ADDITIVE WITH A BLEND OF POULTRY LITTER BIODIESEL AND ALUMINA NANOPARTICLES ON A DIESEL ENGINE

With the increasing population and rise in industrialization, the demand for petroleum reserves is increasing almost daily. This is causing depletion of the non‐renewable energy resources. This work aims to find an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The use of poultry litter oil biodiesel obtained from poultry industry waste, which is a non‐edible source for biodiesel, is very encouraging as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The aim of this study is to observe and maximize the performance of poultry litter oil biodiesel by adding alumina nanoparticles and ethanol. The biodiesel is prepared with acid and the base catalysed transesterification of poultry litter oil with methanol using concentrated sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide as catalysts. The experimentation is carried out on a CI engine with three different blends – B20 biodiesel blend, B20 biodiesel blend with 30 mg/L alumina nanoparticles, and B20 biodiesel blend with 30 mg/L alumina nanoparticles and 15 ml/L ethanol. The performance, combustion and emission characteristics of all three blends are compared with neat diesel. The results of the experiment show that ethanol as an additive improves the combustion and performance characteristics. It increases the brake thermal efficiency and peak cylinder pressure. It also reduces CO and UBHC emissions and there is a marginal increase in NOx emissions as compared to neat diesel. S rostoucím počtem obyvatel a nárůstem industrializace se den za dnem zvyšuje poptávka po ropných rezervách. To způsobuje vyčerpávání neobnovitelných zdrojů energie. Tato práce si klade za cíl nalézt alternativní palivo pro dieselové motory. Použití bionafty získané z oleje z použité podestýlky z chovů drůbeže, která představuje nekonzumovatelný zdroj pro výrobu bionafty jako alternativní palivo pro dieselové motory, je velmi slibné. Cílem této studie je pozorovat a maximalizovat výkon bionafty z oleje z použité drůbeží podestýlky přidáním nanočástic oxidu hlinitého a etanolu. Bionafta je připravována kyselinou a zásadou katalyzovanou transesterifikací oleje z použité drůbeží podestýlky a metanolem, kde jsou jako katalyzátory použity koncentrovaná kyselina sírová resp. draselný louh. Experimentace se provádí na vznětovém motoru s třemi různými druhy směsi – směs bionafty B20, směs bionafty B20 s 30 mg/L nanočástic oxidu hlinitého a směs bionafty B20 s 30 mg/L nanočástic oxidu hlinitého a 15 ml/L etanolu. Parametry výkonu, spalování a emisí všech tří směsí jsou srovnávány dieselovým palivem (naftou) bez přísad. Výsledky experimentu ukazují, že etanol jako aditivum zlepšuje parametry spalování a výkonu. Zvyšuje brzdnou tepelnou účinnost a maximální tlak ve válci. Dále snižuje emise CO a nespálených uhlovodíků, přičemž je zde marginální zvýšení emisí NOx oproti naftě bez přísad

A Study on Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engine Using Fish Oil Biodiesel Blends

Bio-fuel is a clean burning fuel made from natural renewable energy resource; it operates in C. I. engine similar to the petroleum diesel. The rising cost of diesel and the danger caused to the environment has led to an intensive and desperate search for alternative fuels. Among them, animal fats like the fish oil have proven to be a promising substitute to diesel. In this experimental study, A computerized 4-stroke, single cylinder, constant speed, direct injection diesel engine was operated on fish oil-biodiesel of different blends. Three different blends of 10, 20, and 30 % by volume were used for this study. Various engine performance, combustion and emission parameters such as Brake Thermal Efficiency, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, Heat Release Rate, Peak Pressure, Exhaust Gas Temperature, etc. were recorded from the acquired data. The data was recorded with the help of an engine analysis software. The recorded parameters were studied for varying loads and their corresponding graphs have been plotted for comparison purposes. Petroleum Diesel has been used as the reference. From the properties and engine test results it has been established that fish oil biodiesel is a better replacement for diesel without any engine modification

Performance of Anthurium (Anthurium anderanum Lindl) cultivars under hill zone of Karnataka

An investigation was carried out at experimental block, College of Horticulture, Mudigere. Tropical recorded maximum LAI 2.83, and had maximum plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and Leaf area Index. Cultivar Crinkle Red recorded maximum number of flowers per plant per year (13.14), which was on par with Tropical (11.77), Cheers (10.60) and Fire (10.25). Cultivar Midori recorded maximum vase life (35.00 days) followed by Tropical (33.33 days) and it was on par with Fire (32.22 days). Cultivar Midori recorded maximum vase life (35.00 days), followed by Tropical (33.33 days) and it was on par with Fire (32.22 days) and highest B:C ratio is recorded in cultivar Tropical (1.83) and it was least in Fantacia (1.13)