Concerning the program for planetary atmospheric research

Planetary atmospheric research problems of models, numerical analysis, technology, and coordinatio

Some Results from Studies on Relationships Between the Optical-meteorological Parameters and Solar Activity. Part 2: Development of the Problem of Solar Forcing

A set of complex spectral, actinometric and meteorological data obtained in the periods of heightened solar activity (1981 and 1988) has been considered in order to reveal the atmospheric component affected by solar emissions in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. For the first time, it has been found out that water vapor molecules can be transformed, under the impact of corpuscular and microwave solar emissions, from the free state to the bound one (association into clusters), and vice versa. The transition of water vapor molecules into the bound state results in a decrease of spectral optical thickness in the visible, near IR and IR spectral regions, and an appearance and deepening of the cluster absorption bands at wavelengths 330 to 340, 365, 380 to 390, and 480 nm

Planets of the solar system

Venera and Mariner spacecraft and ground based radio astronomy and spectroscopic observations of the atmosphere and surface of venus are examined. The composition and structural parameters of the atmosphere are discussed as the basis for development of models and theories of the vertical structure of the atmosphere, the greenhouse effect, atmospheric circulation and cloud cover. Recommendations for further meteorological studies are given. Ground based and Pioneer satellite observation data on Jupiter are explored as well as calculations and models of the cloud structure, atmospheric circulation and thermal emission field of Jupiter

Solar radiation spectrum and biospheric evolution

It has been known since long ago that the solar radiation is not only the sole source of energy for the Earth but also an important factor governing the evolution of life on the Earth due to changes both in the incoming energy and its spectral composition. The latter fact has determined a wide application in medical practice of phototherapy and laser means of treatment. Problems of phototherapy and laser means of treatment are numerous and diverse. We will only discuss specific problems connected with the recent investigations of the effect of the fine structure of the solar radiation spectrum on the biospheric evolution. This new problem is specific in that it illustrates a critical importance of interdisciplinary studies in the interests of medicine, biology, environmental sciences, and astrophysics

Fraunhofer lines in the solar spectrum and immunodeficiency problems

The importance of the presence of Fraunhofer lines in the solar spectrum for development of immunodeficiency has been demonstrated. In vitro and in vivo tests of illumination within Mg lines have proved the possibility to reduce the level of HIV/AIDS development

Monitoring and prediction of natural disasters

The problems of natural disaster predicting and accomplishing a synthesis of environmental monitoring systems to collect, store, and process relevant information for their solution are analyzed. A three-level methodology is proposed for making decisions concerning the natural disaster dynamics. The methodology is based on the assessment of environmental indicators and the use of numerical models of the environment

Further about impact of solar activity on geospheres

Twenty-five years high-mountainous researches on solar-weather effects have given a number of direct proofs of the occurrence of weather meteoelements abnormal responses (in scale hours-days-week) on the passage in the central area of the solar disk by separate large sunspots and powerful groups of spots. The brightest shows were marked by us in October 1981 and in the last decade of October 2003. Certainly, the most grandiose effect was registered in March 1920 at the Calama station of the Smithonian Astrophysical Observatory (ΔS0 ≈ 5%). The analysis of the data set unambiguously has specified the presence of a special kind of radiation in the solar emissions—spirally vortical radiation (SVR), having a forcible pulse and powerful angular moment. In our opinion spirally vortical radiation is generated in the nu cleu s of the Su n with a speed of 104 quantums/s and leaves the photosphere through magnetic structures with a speed ∼ 8–9 · 103 km/s. In the paper we discuss the effects of the direct interaction of spirally vortical radiation with different kinds of terrestrial environments, including the biosphere. It is supposed that SVR in the Universe can play a role of dark energy, as it is radiated by each star and has a pulse

Impact of solar activity on structure components of the Earth. I. Meteorological conditions

The mountain observations (Northern Caucasus) carried out during solar activity (SA) cycles 21, 22, and 23 testify to substantial SA impacts on radiative, optical, microphysical and meteorological parameters of the troposphere. Due to disturbances imposed on natural variations of meteorological parameters and changes of the microphysical state of the ensemble of water vapor molecules, distinct disturbances of the synoptic period lengths have been observed. Apparent responses of the atmosphere to activated processes on the Sun in October 1989, April 2002 and October 2003 confirm the existence of contributions to atmospheric perturbations of flare fluxes of protons (SCR) and fluxes of recently identified spiral-vortex radiation (SVR) outgoing via photospheric magnetic structures of various scales. With the 20 October 1989 event as an example, contributions of the flare flux of protons and the spiral-vortex radiation to dynamic processes in the lower troposphere have been illustrated. A conclusion has been drawn about similar level but different directions of their impacts on the degree of water vapour molecules association in the atmosphere. Destructive forcings of the focused SVR and its various manifestations on the dark side of the Earth (and, apparently, of the Moon) have been mentioned

Scaling and memory in the return intervals of energy dissipation rate in three-dimensional fully developed turbulence

We study the statistical properties of return intervals $r$ between successive energy dissipation rates above a certain threshold $Q$ in three-dimensional fully developed turbulence. We find that the distribution function $P_Q(r)$ scales with the mean return interval $R_Q$ as $P_Q(r)=R_Q^{-1}f(r/R_Q)$ except for $r=1$, where the scaling function $f(x)$ has two power-law regimes. The return intervals are short-term and long-term correlated and possess multifractal nature. The Hurst index of the return intervals decays exponentially against $R_Q$, predicting that rare extreme events with $R_Q\to\infty$ are also long-term correlated with the Hurst index $H_\infty=0.639$.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

On the biological role of Fraunhofer lines of the Sun

The important role of Fraunhofer lines formed in the solar atmosphere in the spectrum of the Sun for the biological evolution on Earth has been discussed. In vitro, laboratory experiments have been accomplished to substantiate the concept of the role of Fraunhofer lines as drivers of the evolution via impact on molecules of biological significance. As a practical application of the concept, successful results of clinical tests on humans have been obtained to demonstrate the possibility of non-medicinal means to be used for therapy in the cases of infectious deceases such as HIV/AIDS. The importance for human health of blurring Fraunhofer lines due to increasing atmospheric pollution has been emphasized