Information technology and productivity : evidence from India's manufacturing sector

While India's remarkable performance in IT software and service exports may be inspirational for other Indian industries and more so for other countries in the south, the moot question is how has India fared in terms of harnessing this technology for enhancing manufacturing productivity. This paper is an attempt at addressing this issue by analyzing an unpublished data set on the investment in computers and software at the industry level made available by the CSO. The study finds that low level of IT investment intensity in the manufacturing sector notwithstanding, IT investment does have a positive and significant impact on both partial and total factor productivity. The findings of the paper suggest that in a context wherein the policy makers are concerned with low levels of growth in manufacturing output and productivity, policy measures and institutional interventions towards promoting IT diffusion in the manufacturing sector is likely to give rich dividends. Key words: India, Information Technology, Productivity, Manufacturing Sector. JEL Classification No: L6, D24, O1

Variant drainage of frontal sinus

Frontal sinuses are drained by front nasal duct. The opening of the front nasal duct is found on the anteromedial aspect of the floor of the sinus. The duct then continues through the ethmoidal labyrinth and enters the ethmoidal groove at the anterior end of the middle meatus. Here we noticed that frontal sinus was draining into the bulla ethmoidalis on both the sides. These anatomical variations affect the drainage and ventilation of Para nasal sinus due to infection lead to stasis of secretion cause recurrent and chronic sinusitis

Remote ID for Rapid Assessment of Flight and Vehicle Information

The ability to rapidly identify UAS (Unmanned Aircraft Systems) in the field has emerged as a critical need for the integration of small UASs into the national airspace and counter-UAS operations. This paper proposes an architecture for rapid retrieval of UAS information leveraging NASA's current Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM) system. The proposed architecture utilizes UTM components: FIMS (Flight Information Management System), USS (UAS Service Supplier), and vehicle registration and model database in order to provide assessment of the UAS reported in the field including the ability to distinguish between participating and non- participating UTM actors. Detailed system descriptions are provided and preliminary results from field tests conducted during UTM TCL (Technical Capability Level) 3 are discussed. It is found that 94 percent of the remote ID look-ups were successful. The average time of a look-up is found to be 1.2 seconds. Failure cases are examined and recommendations on next steps to advance UAS remote identification are provided

Unilateral left rectus sternalis muscle: a case report

The rectus sternalis muscle is a small supernumerary muscle present in the anterior thoracic wall and is superficial to the sterno-costal fibers of pectoralis major muscle. In present study we came across left rectus sternalis, originated as a small tendon from the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle, and the fascia of the rectus abdominis, and seen inserted into the clavicular fibres of pectoralis major of the opposite side of the manubriosternal joint. The rectus sternalis or sternalis muscle is of much importance in the field of radiology or surgery as its presence and knowledge might be effective and useful for the radiologists and surgeons during management of the pectoral region

Improved techniques for sampling complex pedigrees with the Gibbs sampler

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been widely used to overcome computational problems in linkage and segregation analyses. Many variants of this approach exist and are practiced; among the most popular is the Gibbs sampler. The Gibbs sampler is simple to implement but has (in its simplest form) mixing and reducibility problems; furthermore in order to initiate a Gibbs sampling chain we need a starting genotypic or allelic configuration which is consistent with the marker data in the pedigree and which has suitable weight in the joint distribution. We outline a procedure for finding such a configuration in pedigrees which have too many loci to allow for exact peeling. We also explain how this technique could be used to implement a blocking Gibbs sampler

Otocephaly: a case report

A case of otocephaly was reported in 26±4 week’s female fetus during routine fetal autopsy at GMCH, Chandigarh, India. Mother was 25 years old, second gravid. The first child is one year old normal male baby. Present pregnancy resulted in spontaneous abortion. Antenatal history, past history, family history and medical history of mother was not suggestive of any ethiological factor responsible for the defect. The external examination showed 2 vessels in umbilical cord. There was anteroposterior lengthening of skull, mouth was in the form of a proboscis with a small opening in the centre, the right ear was absent. The left pinna was low placed and had small tags. On internal examination oral cavity was found small with hypoplastic mandible, tongue was absent (aglossia), thoracic cavity was small, left lung was absent, right lung had only single lobe, heart dilated with normal position of major vessels, In abdominal cavity gut was opening in a dilated cloaca like chamber. X-ray examination revealed small hypoplastic mandible and maxilla. Otocephaly is a rare lethal syndrome of microstomia, agnatia and ear anomalies. Other anomalies associated are holoprosenxcephaly, skeletal, genitourinary, cardiovascular system, endocrine gland hypoplasia etc. The differential diagnosis includes Treacher Collins syndrome, Goldenhar syndrome and Mobius syndrome. The etiology, incidence, causative factors of this case will be discussed in light of available literature

Design of Self-tuning PID Controller Parameters Using Fuzzy Logic Controller for Quad-rotor Helicopter

This paper presents the design of a Fuzzy PID controller (FPID) based on fuzzy logic with a PID structure with many valued logic and reasoning. The self-turning Fuzzy PID control take in an error and the rate of change of error of the altitude and attitude of the quadrotor as the input to the fuzzy controller and use the fuzzy rules to adjust the PID parameter automatically. Simulations have been conducted to observe the differences in controlling the quadrotor in flight using the new FPID controller instead of using PID controller. The effectiveness of the developed FPID is verified using the dSPACE platform whereby the Simulink model of the controller is converted to a real time system to generate the control signals for the control of quad rotor helicopter