21,498 research outputs found
Get your facts right : preschoolers systematically extend both object names and category-relevant facts
There is an ongoing debate over the extent to which language development shares common processing mechanisms with other domains of learning. It is well-established that toddlers will systematically extend object labels to similarly-shaped category exemplars (e.g., Landau, Smith, & Jones, 1988; Markman & Hutchinson, 1984). However, previous research is inconclusive as to whether young children will similarly extend factual information about an object to other category members. We explicitly contrast facts varying in category relevance, and test for extension using two different tasks. Three- to four-year-olds (N = 61) were provided with one of three types of information about a single novel object: a category-relevant fact (‘it’s from a place called Modi’), a category-irrelevant fact (‘my uncle gave it to me’), or an object label (‘it’s called a Modi’). At test, children provided with the object name or category-relevant fact were significantly more likely to display systematic category extension than children who learnt the category-irrelevant fact. Our findings contribute to a growing body of evidence that the mechanisms responsible for word learning may be domain-general in nature
The Center symmetry and its spontaneous breakdown at high temperatures
We examine the role of the center Z(N) of the gauge group SU(N) in gauge
theories. In this pedagogical article, we discuss, among other topics, the
center symmetry and confinement and deconfinement in gauge theories and
associated finite-temperature phase transitions. We also look at universal
properties of domain walls separating distinct confined and deconfined bulk
phases, including a description of how QCD color-flux strings can end on
color-neutral domain walls, and unusual finite-volume dependence in which
quarks in deconfined bulk phase seem to be "confined".Comment: LaTex, 35 pages, 6 figures, uses sprocl.sty. To be published in the
Festschrift in honor of B.L. Ioffe, "At the Frontier of Particle Physics/
Handbook of QCD", edited by M. Shifma
The deconfinement phase transition in Yang-Mills theory with general Lie group G
We present numerical results for the deconfinement phase transition in Sp(2)
and Sp(3) Yang-Mills theories in (2+1)-D and (3+1)-D. We then make a conjecture
on the order of this phase transition in Yang-Mills theories with general Lie
groups G = SU(N), SO(N), Sp(N) and with exceptional groups G = G(2), F(4),
E(6), E(7), E(8).Comment: Lattice2003(Topology and Confinement), 3 pages, 3 figure
Tunneling through Color Glass Condensate and True Black Disks
We discover new vacuum solutions of the JIMWLK equation, which correspond to
center of a gauge group. We improve the color glass condensate (CGC) model by
an explicit usage of a density matrix. Studying scattering of CGC states in an
external color field, we observe that an amplitude is naturally expressed via
group characters. We construct an example that shows how new thin effects may
be potentially observed in peripheral collisions. We prove that at any parton
density a gluonic CGC state does not become a true black disk. We find a wave
function of a true black disk and show that it necessarily contains many
quarks. This result corresponds to the necessity of nonvacuum Reggeon loops in
a formation of a true black disk.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, revtex; final version, improved styl
When is the deconfinement phase transition universal?
Pure Yang-Mills theory has a finite-temperature phase transition, separating
the confined and deconfined bulk phases. Svetitsky and Yaffe conjectured that
if this phase transition is of second order, it belongs to the universality
class of transitions for particular scalar field theories in one lower
dimension. We examine Yang-Mills theory with the symplectic gauge groups Sp(N).
We find new evidence supporting the Svetitsky-Yaffe conjecture and make our own
conjecture as to which gauge theories have a universal second order
deconfinement phase transition.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; Contribution to Confinement 2003, Tokyo, Japan,
July 21-24, 200
The Global Pharmaceutical Industry, 2004
This teaching case looks at the development of the ethical pharmaceutical industry. The various forces affecting the discovery, development, production, distribution and marketing of prescription drugs are discussed in terms of their origins and recent developments. Readers are then invited to consider trends for the future.Ethical pharmaceuticals, industry analysis, five forces
- …