251,432 research outputs found
Plasma Lens Backgrounds at a Future Linear Collider
A 'plasma lens' might be used to enhance the luminosity of future linear
colliders. However, its utility for this purpose depends largely on the
potential backgrounds that may be induced by the insertion of such a device in
the interaction region of the detector. In this note we identify different
sources of such backgrounds, calculate their event rates from the elementary
interaction processes, and evaluate their effects on the major parts of a
hypothetical Next Linear Collider (NLC) detector. For plasma lens parameters
which give a factor of seven enhancement of the luminosity, and using the NLC
design for beam parameters as a reference, we find that the background yields
are fairly high, and require further study and improvements in detector
technology to avoid their impact.Comment: 14 pages incl. 3 figures; contributed to the 4th International
Workshop, Electron-Electron Interactions at TeV Energies, Santa Cruz,
California, Dec. 7 - 9, 2001. To be published in Int.Journ. Mod. Phys.
Study of the ablative effects on tektites: Atmosphere entry of a swarm of tektites
The large variety of ablation markings observed on recovered tektites lead to the previously proposed swarm wake model which states that the lead peripheral tektites bore the blunt of aerodynamic heating upon entry, and that the bulk of tektites in the wake enjoyed partial shielding at the expense of the leaders. Further considerations are presented in support of this model. Quantitative assessments indicate that wake shielding might indeed have provided for substantially less heating than would have been experienced by a tektite entering an undisturbed atmosphere along a similar trajectory. For the case of strong wake shielding it is even possible that the surface temperature of a falling tektite had barely reached its melting point. In the distribution of tektites, there is a size band (near R = 0.5 cm) which is least susceptible to melting
Study of the ablative effects on tektites
Equations are presented which provide approximate parameters describing surface heating and tektite deceleration during atmosphere passage. Numerical estimates of these parameters using typical initial and ambient conditions support the conclusion that the commonly assumed trajectories would not have produced some of the observed surface markings. It is suggested that tektites did not enter the atmosphere singly but rather in a swarm dense enough to afford wake shielding according to a shock envelope model which is proposed. A further aerodynamic mechanism is described which is compatible with hemispherical pits occurring on tektite surfaces
A Note on Pretzelosity TMD Parton Distribution
We show that the transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution, called as
Pretzelosity function, is zero at any order in perturbation theory of QCD for a
single massless quark state. This implies that Pretzelosity function is not
factorized with the collinear transversity parton distribution at twist-2, when
the struck quark has a large transverse momentum. Pretzelosity function is in
fact related to collinear parton distributions defined with twist-4 operators.
In reality, Pretzelosity function of a hadron as a bound state of quarks and
gluons is not zero. Through an explicit calculation of Pretzelosity function of
a quark combined with a gluon nonzero result is found.Comment: improved explanation, published version in Phys. Lett.
A model of a dual-core matter-wave soliton laser
We propose a system which can generate a periodic array of solitary-wave
pulses from a finite reservoir of coherent Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). The
system is built as a set of two parallel quasi-one-dimensional traps (the
reservoir proper and a pulse-generating cavity), which are linearly coupled by
the tunneling of atoms. The scattering length is tuned to be negative and small
in the absolute value in the cavity, and still smaller but positive in the
reservoir. Additionally, a parabolic potential profile is created around the
center of the cavity. Both edges of the reservoir and one edge of the cavity
are impenetrable. Solitons are released through the other cavity's edge, which
is semi-transparent. Two different regimes of the intrinsic operation of the
laser are identified: circulations of a narrow wave-function pulse in the
cavity, and oscillations of a broad standing pulse. The latter regime is
stable, readily providing for the generation of an array containing up to
10,000 permanent-shape pulses. The circulation regime provides for no more than
40 cycles, and then it transforms into the oscillation mode. The dependence of
the dynamical regime on parameters of the system is investigated in detail.Comment: Journal of Physics B, in pres
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