310 research outputs found
Exploring the effects of electromagnetic fields and tilted bulk distribution on directed flow of D mesons in small systems
We studied the directed flow of heavy quarks in small systems produced in
p-Pb collisions due to both the impact of initial vorticity and electromagnetic
fields. We employed a relativistic transport code to model the bulk evolution
of the small systems and studied the heavy quark momentum evolution using
Langevin dynamics. For the heavy quarks interaction with the bulk, we employed
a quasiparticle model (QPM). We observed a large directed flow splitting
() of charm quarks due to electromagnetic fields, which is
comparable to the directed flow splitting of charm quarks in nucleus-nucleus
collisions. However, the magnitude of the directed flow due to the initial
tilted matter distribution in p-nucleus collisions is not substantial. The
observed directed flow is not rapidity odd due to the asymmetry in the
colliding system. The results presented in this manuscript provide an
independent way to quantify the initial electromagnetic field produced and the
matter distributed in small systems.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Physics Letter
Fabrication of single or multiple gate field plates
A process for fabricating single or multiple gate field plates using consecutive steps of dielectric material deposition/growth, dielectric material etch and metal evaporation on the surface of a field effect transistors. This fabrication process permits a tight control on the field plate operation since dielectric material deposition/growth is typically a well controllable process. Moreover, the dielectric material deposited on the device surface does not need to be removed from the device intrinsic regions: this essentially enables the realization of field-plated devices without the need of low-damage dielectric material dry/wet etches. Using multiple gate field plates also reduces gate resistance by multiple connections, thus improving performances of large periphery and/or sub-micron gate devices
Fabrication of single or multiple gate field plates
"This invention relates to semiconductor devices, and more particularly, to the fabrication of single or
multiple gate field plates.
PGformer: Proxy-Bridged Game Transformer for Multi-Person Extremely Interactive Motion Prediction
Multi-person motion prediction is a challenging task, especially for
real-world scenarios of densely interacted persons. Most previous works have
been devoted to studying the case of weak interactions (e.g., hand-shaking),
which typically forecast each human pose in isolation. In this paper, we focus
on motion prediction for multiple persons with extreme collaborations and
attempt to explore the relationships between the highly interactive persons'
motion trajectories. Specifically, a novel cross-query attention (XQA) module
is proposed to bilaterally learn the cross-dependencies between the two pose
sequences tailored for this situation. Additionally, we introduce and build a
proxy entity to bridge the involved persons, which cooperates with our proposed
XQA module and subtly controls the bidirectional information flows, acting as a
motion intermediary. We then adapt these designs to a Transformer-based
architecture and devise a simple yet effective end-to-end framework called
proxy-bridged game Transformer (PGformer) for multi-person interactive motion
prediction. The effectiveness of our method has been evaluated on the
challenging ExPI dataset, which involves highly interactive actions. We show
that our PGformer consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in both
short- and long-term predictions by a large margin. Besides, our approach can
also be compatible with the weakly interacted CMU-Mocap and MuPoTS-3D datasets
and achieve encouraging results. Our code will become publicly available upon
acceptance
Influence of uniaxial tensile stress on the mechanical and piezoelectric properties of short-period ferroelectric superlattice
Tetragonal ferroelectric/ferroelectric BaTiO3/PbTiO3 superlattice under
uniaxial tensile stress along the c axis is investigated from first principles.
We show that the calculated ideal tensile strength is 6.85 GPa and that the
superlattice under the loading of uniaxial tensile stress becomes soft along
the nonpolar axes. We also find that the appropriately applied uniaxial tensile
stress can significantly enhance the piezoelectricity for the superlattice,
with piezoelectric coefficient d33 increasing from the ground state value by a
factor of about 8, reaching 678.42 pC/N. The underlying mechanism for the
enhancement of piezoelectricity is discussed
Novel genomic island modifies DNA with 7-deazaguanine derivatives
The discovery of ∼20-kb gene clusters containing a family of paralogs of tRNA guanosine transglycosylase genes, called tgtA5, alongside 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ[subscript 0]) synthesis and DNA metabolism genes, led to the hypothesis that 7-deazaguanine derivatives are inserted in DNA. This was established by detecting 2’-deoxy-preQ[subscript 0] and 2’-deoxy-7-amido-7-deazaguanosine in enzymatic hydrolysates of DNA extracted from the pathogenic, Gram-negative bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo. These modifications were absent in the closely related S. enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 and from a mutant of S. Montevideo, each lacking the gene cluster. This led us to rename the genes of the S. Montevideo cluster as dpdA-K for 7-deazapurine in DNA. Similar gene clusters were analyzed in ∼150 phylogenetically diverse bacteria, and the modifications were detected in DNA from other organisms containing these clusters, including Kineococcus radiotolerans, Comamonas testosteroni, and Sphingopyxis alaskensis. Comparative genomic analysis shows that, in Enterobacteriaceae, the cluster is a genomic island integrated at the leuX locus, and the phylogenetic analysis of the TgtA5 family is consistent with widespread horizontal gene transfer. Comparison of transformation efficiencies of modified or unmodified plasmids into isogenic S. Montevideo strains containing or lacking the cluster strongly suggests a restriction–modification role for the cluster in Enterobacteriaceae. Another preQ[subscript 0] derivative, 2’-deoxy-7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, was found in the Escherichia coli bacteriophage 9g, as predicted from the presence of homologs of genes involved in the synthesis of the archaeosine tRNA modification. These results illustrate a deep and unexpected evolutionary connection between DNA and tRNA metabolism.Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftSingapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology (SMART
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