Detection and evaluation of residual effects by defeated stripe rust resistance genes (Yr genes) in common wheat against virulent Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates

Non-Peer ReviewedRace-specific stripe rust resistance genes (Yr genes) have been deployed into wheat cultivars against stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Eriks. (Pst); however, the resistance has been quickly broken down only years after its introduction. Near isogenic lines (NILs) with defeated Yr genes were used in this study to evaluate partial non-race-specific resistance of the residual effect as possible durable resistance. The parental NILs with single Yr genes (Yr10, Yr26, Yr32) with Avocet background, F5 NILs with two Yr genes in the combinations of Yr26/Yr10, Yr32/Yr10 and Yr32/Yr26 and susceptible cultivar Avocet were inoculated with one of three Pst inoculums (W020, W049, T034+W052) virulent to all three Yr genes and infection type (IT), infection area (IA) and latent period (LP) were recorded. The same NILs were tested in stripe rust nurseries at Saskatoon, SK and Lethbridge, AB in 2018 and disease incidence and severity were recorded. The range of IT tended to be lower in NILs with Yr32/Yr10 and Yr32/Yr26 genes only with T034/W052. With different isolates, IA was reduced more often in the NILs with Yr32/Yr10 and Yr32/Yr26 genes than with Yr26/Yr10. The extension of LP correlated with reduction of IA. In disease nurseries, the natural Pst population appeared to be avirulent to Yr10 and Yr26 at both locations and the results were inconclusive. These results from growth chamber experiments suggest that residual effect by defeated Yr genes possibly exists in certain combinations

Measurement of the Xi-p Scattering Cross Sections at Low Energy

In this paper we report cross-section measurements for $\Xi^-p$ elastic and inelastic scatterings at low energy using a scintillating fiber active target. Upper limit on the total cross-section for the elastic scattering was found to be 24 mb at 90% confidence level, and the total cross section for the $\Xi^-p\to\Lambda\Lambda$ reaction was found to be $4.3^{+6.3}_{-2.7}$ mb. We compare the results with currently competing theoretical estimates.Comment: 9 page

Recommendations for Enhancing Psychosocial Support of NICU Parents through Staff Education and Support

Providing psychosocial support to parents whose infants are hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can improve parents’ functioning as well as their relationships with their babies. Yet, few NICUs offer staff education that teaches optimal methods of communication with parents in distress. Limited staff education in how to best provide psychosocial support to families is one factor that may render those who work in the NICU at risk for burnout, compassion fatigue and secondary traumatic stress syndrome. Staff who develop burnout may have further reduced ability to provide effective support to parents and babies. Recommendations for providing NICU staff with education and support are discussed. The goal is to deliver care that exemplifies the belief that providing psychosocial care and support to the family is equal in importance to providing medical care and developmental support to the baby

Cascade hypernuclei in the (K-,K+) reaction on 12C

Cascade hypernuclei have been studied in the (K-,K+) reaction on a scintillating fiber target. The experimental result is compared with a theoretical calculation in order to extract information concerning the Ξ- nucleus potential