Audio Extraction from a Video

This Python script utilizes the MoviePy library to extract audio from video files. The script presents a simple GUI interface built with Tkinter, allowing users to select a video file and choose the desired output audio format. Upon selecting a video file, the script saves it to the 'input' directory and prompts the user for the output audio format, such as mp3 or wav. It then extracts the audio from the video using MoviePy, saves the audio file with the same filename as the video but with the specified audio format in the 'output' directory, and displays a success message if the extraction process is successful. If any errors occur during the extraction, the script alerts the user with an error message. This abstract summarizes the functionality of the script, which provides a convenient way to separate audio tracks from video content. Error handling is incorporated to manage potential issues during the extraction process, ensuring that users are informed of any errors through Tkinter's messagebox. Overall, this script streamlines the task of audio extraction from video files, offering a user-friendly and efficient solution for multimedia processing tasks

Targeting DNA Repair and Survival Signaling in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas to Prevent Tumor Recurrence

Therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle to successful clinical management of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a high-grade pediatric tumor of the brain stem. In nearly all patients, available therapies fail to prevent progression. Innovative combinatorial therapies that penetrate the blood-brain barrier and lead to long-term control of tumor growth are desperately needed. We identified mechanisms of resistance to radiotherapy, the standard of care for DIPG. On the basis of these findings, we rationally designed a brain-penetrant small molecule, MTX-241F, that is a highly selective inhibitor of EGFR and PI3 kinase family members, including the DNA repair protein DNA-PK. Preliminary studies demonstrated that micromolar levels of this inhibitor can be achieved in murine brain tissue and that MTX-241F exhibits promising single-agent efficacy and radiosensitizing activity in patient-derived DIPG neurospheres. Its physiochemical properties include high exposure in the brain, indicating excellent brain penetrance. Because radiotherapy results in double-strand breaks that are repaired by homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ), we have tested the combination of MTX-241F with an inhibitor of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated to achieve blockade of HR and NHEJ, respectively, with or without radiotherapy. When HR blockers were combined with MTX-241F and radiotherapy, synthetic lethality was observed, providing impetus to explore this combination in clinically relevant models of DIPG. Our data provide proof-of-concept evidence to support advanced development of MTX-241F for the treatment of DIPG. Future studies will be designed to inform rapid clinical translation to ultimately impact patients diagnosed with this devastating disease

3D Printing‐Enabled Design and Manufacturing Strategies for Batteries: A Review

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have significantly impacted the daily lives, finding broad applications in various industries such as consumer electronics, electric vehicles, medical devices, aerospace, and power tools. However, they still face issues (i.e., safety due to dendrite propagation, manufacturing cost, random porosities, and basic & planar geometries) that hinder their widespread applications as the demand for LIBs rapidly increases in all sectors due to their high energy and power density values compared to other batteries. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technique for creating precise and programmable structures in energy storage devices. This review first summarizes light, filament, powder, and jetting-based 3D printing methods with the status on current trends and limitations for each AM technology. The paper also delves into 3D printing-enabled electrodes (both anodes and cathodes) and solid-state electrolytes for LIBs, emphasizing the current state-of-the-art materials, manufacturing methods, and properties/performance. Additionally, the current challenges in the AM for electrochemical energy storage (EES) applications, including limited materials, low processing precision, codesign/comanufacturing concepts for complete battery printing, machine learning (ML)/artificial intelligence (AI) for processing optimization and data analysis, environmental risks, and the potential of 4D printing in advanced battery applications, are also presented

Rapid 3D Prototyping of Hierarchically Porous Multilayered Membranes for Enhanced Oil-Water Filtration

This study introduces a novel approach to 3D printing multilayered hierarchical porous membranes (MHMs) using Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technology, representing a significant advancement over traditional flat sheet single-layered membranes. The 3D-printed MHMs achieved an impressive oil/water emulsion rejection rate of 99.02% and demonstrated exceptional reusability, maintaining a flux recovery ratio of 99.48% after 150 minutes of continuous filtration. Fabricated through a layer-by-layer printing process with varying concentrations of pore-forming agents, these thin (~250 µm) MHMs mimic the hierarchical pore structure and filtration capabilities of natural soil systems. Despite their comparable thickness to commercial membranes, the 3D-printed MHMs exhibit superior hierarchical porous architecture and mechanical integrity. The simplicity, versatility, and cost-effectiveness of this manufacturing method make it highly suitable for on-demand membrane production across various applications. This study highlights the potential for scalable 3D printing of customized multilayer membranes with tailored porosity and high-performance filtration properties, offering a new pathway for advanced membrane design and production in water treatment and other separation processes

Correction: Development of glycolipid biosurfactant for inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells

Correction for ‘Development of glycolipid biosurfactant for inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells’ by V. Ramalingam et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 64087–64096.</p

Magnitude of exposure and perception of second hand smoking among rural population in Trichy, Tamil Nadu

Background: India is one of the countries where tobacco use is highly prevalent. Tobacco use in the form of smoking is related to occurrence of multiple health related problems in smokers and also general population.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 360 adults residing in a rural area of Tiruchirappalli. Cluster sampling was used to select the study participants. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on tobacco use, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), knowledge on its health effects and protection measures. Data was entered and analyzed using Epi info 7.2. The results were presented in the form of mean and percentage. Chi-square was used to find the association between the parameters and ETS. A p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Mean age of the study group was 38.5±10.8 years. Proportion of males and females was 53.9% and 46.1% respectively. Two hundred and fifty five (70.8%) were non-smokers and 29.2% have ever smoked some form of tobacco product. Thirty seven percent of the non-smokers were exposed to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in the past 15 days and exposure was higher among males (46.7%) than females (31.3%) (χ2 value=6.3; p=0.014). Public place was the most common place of exposure (25.5%) to ETS. Significantly higher proportion of smokers had correct knowledge on ill effects of ETS than smokers (χ2 value=12.3; p= 0.0004).Conclusions: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was significantly high in the study population. Either strict enforcement of laws or banning cigarette sale completely would help reducing the exposure to cigarette smoke which is an important risk factor for multiple non communicable diseases.</jats:p

Development of glycolipid biosurfactant for inducing apoptosis in HeLa cells

A novel glycolipid biosurfactant produced fromStaphylococcus aureuswas used to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells.</p