Assessment on performance and variability in different sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Obseck) cultivars under Punjab conditions

Based on morphological characterization, the performance of eighteen sweet orange, (Citrus sinensis Obseck) cultivars were evaluated. On the basis of two year data, the maximum mean fruit weight (316.25 gm) was recorded in Moro, while the maximum mean fruit diameter and mean fruit length was recorded in Mosambi and Olinda Valencia (87.32 mm and 81.33 mm, respectively). Albedo thickness was recorded maximum in Ruby Nucellar (3.42 mm). Highest total soluble solids was recorded in cultivar Moro (11.450 brix), while the titratable acidity was recorded maximum in Valencia Calizonida (1.21 %). Fruit axis diameter and Fruit rind thickness were recorded maximum in Rhode Red Valencia and Vernia (15.12 mm and 8.11 mm, respectively). In the variability studies, the maximum genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) was recorded maximum for titratable acidity (27.88 and 27.94, respectively) followed by albedo thickness (23.77 and 23.78, respectively) and fruit weight (21.52 and 21.67, respectively). Genetic advance per cent of mean was recorded for titratable acidity (57.31%) followed by albedo thickness (48.96 %) and fruit weight (44.03 %) suggesting that further selection will be effective for improvement in these traits

Weak radiative hyperon decays, Hara's theorem and the diquark

Weak radiative hyperon decays are discussed in the diquark-level approach. It is pointed out that in the general diquark formalism one may reproduce the experimentally suggested pattern of asymmetries, while maintaining Hara's theorem in the SU(3) limit. At present, however, no detailed quark-based model of parity-violating diquark-photon coupling exists that would have the necessary properties.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe

Banking Sector Reforms: Policy Implications and Fresh Outlook

Various reform measures introduced in India have indeed strengthened the Indian banking system in preparation for the fresh global challenges ahead. The present paper reviews the banking sector reforms policy, crucial issues and agenda for the future. On the basis of certain parameters, like productivity, profitability and NPAs’ management, the paper concludes that foreign banks and new private sector banks are much better in performance as compared to our nationalized banks in the post-banking sector reforms period. The paper ends with the future agenda for the Indian banking industry, particularly for public sector banks to make them efficient and strong, to compete with the global banks

Comparative Study of Performance of Indian Commercial Banks in the Era of Global Melt-Down

The gap regarding the costs and profits is widening among the various bank groups. The present paper is an endeavor to study the comparative costs and profits to study the comparative costs and profits among partially and fully IT-oriented bank groups. The paper concludes that even the costs are high in partially IT-oriented bank groups but their profits are also lesser as compare to fully IT-oriented bank groups and there is significant correlation between operating costs and net profits but insignificant correlation between per employee expenditure and net profits. At the end, paper suggests some areas of comprehensive research

E-Age Technology–New Face of Indian Banking Industry: Emerging Challenges and New Potentials

The present paper analyzes the performance of major banks in terms of productivity and profitability in the pre and post e-banking period. Under the regime of banking sector reforms, IT Act of 1999 gave new dimensions to the Indian banking sector. IT has created transformation in banking structure, business process, work culture and human resource development. It has affected the productivity, profitability and efficiency of the banks to a large extent. The paper concludes that performance of all the banks under study is much better in post-e-banking period and further foreign banks are at the top position, whereas the performance of the public sector banks is comparatively very poor. The paper suggests some measures to tackle the challenges faced by the banks particularly public sector banks. At the end, paper suggests how public sector banks can convert the emerging challenges into opportunities

Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Arctic Soil

Environmental pollutants are found throughout the Arctic, but particularly in regions of recent human activity. These pollutants break down more slowly in the Arctic than in more temperate ecosystems as cold temperatures restrict microbial metabolism. Characterizing the microorganisms present in polluted Arctic soils will help us understand which microorganisms are involved in metabolizing these pollutants, and may help to inform strategies to remediate polluted sites. The aim of this project is to characterize and compare the composition of microbial communities in potentially contaminated Arctic soil samples. Soil samples were collected from several locations around Cambridge Bay, Nunavut in 2019. Total community DNA will be extracted from soil samples and the success of DNA extraction will be evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis and quantification using the Qubit fluorometer. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the bacterial 16sRNA gene will be completed on DNA extracts, and amplicons will be sequenced to characterize the bacterial community composition of samples. The sequence data will be processed in QIIME2 and statistical analyses comparing microbial community competition between samples will be completed in R. This research will provide information on the relative abundances of the types of bacteria present in samples from different contaminated Arctic soils. The results of the study will provide a baseline database of microbial diversity, and will improve our understanding of the diversity of the region and potential for microbial remediation of contaminated Arctic soils

Indian Banking – NEW Vision 2030

Dynamic changes are taking place in the Indian banking industry .The purpose of this paper is to access and analyze the future of Indian banking in the coming competitive era. With the help of ratio analysis method and various statistical techniques ,evaluates the performance of banking industry .In the post – second banking reforms era, Indian banks are very fastly changing and ready to face the global challenges. The paper has been divided into two parts, i.e pre-ebanking period and post -ebanking period. The paper concludes that the performance of banks much better in the post ebanking period. Only those banks will survive in future, which are intensively using information technology in day-to-day activities. The present paper highlights the changing face of Indian banks and predicts the future for 2030. Information technology has altered the face of Indian banks and it has positively affected the productivity and profitability of banks. The presence of Indian banks in the global market is continuously increasing

Global Crisis: Problems and Prospects for Indian Banking Industry

The present paper analyses the efficiency of all the bank groups in the post- banking sector reforms era. Time period of the study is related to second post-banking sector reforms (1999-2000 to 2005-06). This period has been chosen taking into consideration the following factors; On the basis of some parameters of efficiency i.e. profitability per employee, per branch, business per employee, per branch and expenses per employee and per branch, the paper concludes that efficiency of all the bank groups has increased in the second post-banking reforms period but these banking sector reforms are more beneficial for new private sector banks and foreign banks. At the end, paper suggests some measures for the improvement of efficiency of Indian nationalized banks

E-Banking: Problems and Prospects an Empirical Study in Punjab

The present study is concerned with the problems and prospects of e-banks in India. The present paper suggests some policies on the basis of perceptions of 60 selected e-bank employees regarding the various issues related to e-banking services. The paper concluded that not more then 50% of Indian bank customers are using e-channels, these channels are not much popular among old age and middle age persons as much as among youngsters and finally the paper concludes that the most of the customers are shifting from public sector banks to new private sector banks or foreign banks to avail innovative and attractive services. On the basis of these conclusions, paper suggests some strategies to make the public sector banks more competitive in the era of IT

Customer Service in Banks: Mapping Excellence in Emerging New Competitive Era

The Indian Banking Industry has undergone radical changes due to liberalization and globalization measures undertaken since 1991. Today, Indian Banking Industry is one of the largest in world. There has been a great surge in efficient customer services. A highly satisfied and delighted customer is a very vital nonfinancial asset for the banks in the emerging IT era. The curtsey, accuracy & speed are like a crown factors for a bank. Based on the responses of 768 customers of public sector bank, Indian Private Sector Bank & Foreign Bank (each one from these groups) operating in Amritsar district of Punjab and in case of fully E-bank, (three banks, one from each bank group) have been taken into consideration. It may be inferred that there is significant difference among three bank groups with regard to the time customers have to spend to transact a business. The E-banks are more efficient in regard to time factor. This is the very important factor of shifting of potential customers in E-banks. The survey was conducted in Amritsar district of Punjab in the month of September 2007. Chi-Square test is used to check the level of significance difference among various bank groups and coefficient of contingency among various bank group customers’ responses is also calculated