Penggunaan Gula Pasir Lokal Sebagai Plasticizer Pada Adukan Mortar Untuk Pembuatan Conblock

Cement mortar (cement, sand and water mixture) has been widely applied as building materials, such as cement plaster, conblock, concrete brick, roof tile, etc. To obtain good quality conblock, one of the efforts is by adding cane sugar the plasticizer into a mortar mixture. Although cane sugar addition can reduce the use of cement and water, but the mortar workability degree can still be maintained. Reduction of the cement used also reduces the cost needed to make the cement mortar, which produces a more economical conblock. The objective of this research is to identify the cement ratio, specific gravity, compressive strength, water absorption, and endurance of the conblock through the abrasion test. This research was carried out in the Construction Material Laboratory of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Gadjah Mada University. Conblocks used as samples were ones produced by Diamond Baru Conblock Baru Yogyakarta. The materials for producing material consisted of Portland cement Type I produced by Gresik cement factory, and sand from Krasak River in Yogyakarta. The local cane sugar used was produced by Madukismo Sugar Factory in Yogyakarta. The mixture samples were made using cement-sand at various ratios of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6. For each ratio, two types of samples were made and one of them was added with cane sugar at 2% of the cement weight. Twenty samples of conblock specimens were made for each variation, both for with and without cane sugar addition. The conblock dimension was 200 x 100 x 80 mm. The specimens were given fresh and hardened conblock test and measurement after 28 days after they were made. The research results indicated that cane sugar addition gave insignificant effect to the reduction of cement and water in the mixture because plasticizer material reached cement decrement less than 3%. The compressive strength decreased to 2.5%, 10% and 9% than the normal conblock at the volume ratios of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6, respectively. Results of compressive strength test showed that samples met the conblock quality standards as referred by SII 0819-83 class I and II. Material cost of conblock m3 with cane sugar addition was 3% cheaper than normal conblock

Pemanfaatan Kulit Ale-ale sebagai Agregat Kasar dalam Pembuatan Beton

At present cockle shells of ale-ale are used only as materials of heaping up muddy yards or roads in Ketapang City. Therefore, it is a challange to conduct study to utilize cockle shells of aleale as aggregate for concrete. It is expected that the result of this study can not only give additional economicall value for cockle shells of ale-ale, but also reduce impacts on environment. In the present research, intact and broken cockle shells were used as concrete aggregate mixed with white sand, and white Portland cement. The amount of cement used is 300 kg/m3. The composition of both intact and broken cockle shells of applied in the research was 100%, 75%, 25%, and 0%. The specimen of intact cockle shells ale – ale was made in various shape and size namely sylinder-shaped models of ∅150 x 300 mm and ∅80 x 160 mm and a ‘concrete brick\u27-shaped model, while specimen broken cockle shells of ale-ale were sylinder-shaped models of ∅150 x 300 mm and ∅80 x 160 mm, a cube-shaped model of 70 x 70 x 70 mm and a ‘paving block\u27- shaped model. The research aims at finding the compressive strength of 28 days old, abration of concrete, and impact resistance of concrete. From the result of the research, it can be identified that the specific gravity of concrete with intact and broken cockle shells of ale-ale with the variation of 50% corresponds to a ‘normal concrete\u27 category. While specific gravity the intact cockle shells with variation of 50% is 2367.82, the broken cockle shells with the variation of 50% is 2302,66. Based on the result, it can also seen that with the variation of 50%, the highest compressive strength of concrete in the mixture of intact cockle shells of ale-ale is 24.98 MPa, and for broken cockle shells of ale-ale is 27.53 MPa

Beton Non Pasir dengan Agregat dari Batu Alam (Batu Ape) Sungai Lua Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud Sulawesi Utara

Timber supply is diminishing in addition to the trend to lower quality but higher cost of wood production manufacturing. However, because the demand of this material continues, an alternative or substitution on the use of timber, such as bamboo laminated, is desirable. Having susceptible character to powder by beetles attack, bamboo must be passed through preservation process before it is applied as laminating materials, but chemical preservative materials used in industrial process ring negative impacts to the environment. One of human and environmental friendly preservatives is the tobacco extract. Nevertheless, the most effective concentration of tobacco extract and its influence to the adhesive materials have not been well recognized. This research objective was to investigate the influence of tobacco extract to the natural and mechanic behaviour of laminated bamboo. Dried tobacco flake was mixed with water in variable concentration of 100, 125, 150 and 175 gram/liter. Bamboo split were given treatment in boiling water with tobacco extract solutions. As benchmarking, bamboo split also preserved with boiling water (without preservatives materials) and 5% concentration of borax. Non preservative bamboo was used as the control. The result of experiment showed that 150 gram/liter tobacco extract concentration of caused 61,33% insect mortality and 1,87% decreased weigh, which is effective to be used as preservative in compare to other three concentrations. Water content and density observation showed that preservation using 150 gram/liter extract tobacco comparing to non preservative boiling preservation, produced smaller value of water content and larger value of density than borax preservative. Preservation using 150 gram/liter tobacco extract produced highest value of compression parallel to grain and modulus of the bamboo elasticity Petung mechanic properties were 277,95 MPa and 170,34 MPa, respectively. Mechanical properties of laminated bamboo that were significantly influenced by preservative variation showed that highest values for compression parallel to grain and modulus of elasticity were 66,09 MPa and 127,12 MPa, respectively and reached by preservation using 100 gram/liter of tobacco extract

PENGGUNAAN GULA PASIR LOKAL SEBAGAI PLASTICIZER PADA ADUKAN MORTAR UNTUK PEMBUATAN CONBLOCK

Cement mortar (cement, sand and water mixture) has been widely applied as building materials, such as cement plaster, conblock, concrete brick, roof tile, etc. To obtain good quality conblock, one of the efforts is by adding cane sugar the plasticizer into a mortar mixture. Although cane sugar addition can reduce the use of cement and water, but the mortar workability degree can still be maintained. Reduction of the cement used also reduces the cost needed to make the cement mortar, which produces a more economical conblock. The objective of this research is to identify the cement ratio, specific gravity, compressive strength, water absorption, and endurance of the conblock through the abrasion test. This research was carried out in the Construction Material Laboratory of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Gadjah Mada University. Conblocks used as samples were ones produced by Diamond Baru Conblock Baru Yogyakarta. The materials for producing material consisted of Portland cement Type I produced by Gresik cement factory, and sand from Krasak River in Yogyakarta. The local cane sugar used was produced by Madukismo Sugar Factory in Yogyakarta. The mixture samples were made using cement-sand at various ratios of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6. For each ratio, two types of samples were made and one of them was added with cane sugar at 2% of the cement weight. Twenty samples of conblock specimens were made for each variation, both for with and without cane sugar addition. The conblock dimension was 200 x 100 x 80 mm. The specimens were given fresh and hardened conblock test and measurement after 28 days after they were made. The research results indicated that cane sugar addition gave insignificant effect to the reduction of cement and water in the mixture because plasticizer material reached cement decrement less than 3%. The compressive strength decreased to 2.5%, 10% and 9% than the normal conblock at the volume ratios of 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6, respectively. Results of compressive strength test showed that samples met the conblock quality standards as referred by SII 0819-83 class I and II. Material cost of conblock m3 with cane sugar addition was 3% cheaper than normal conblock