Near Horizon Extremal Geometry Perturbations: Dynamical Field Perturbations vs. Parametric Variations

In arXiv:1310.3727 we formulated and derived the three universal laws governing Near Horizon Extremal Geometries (NHEG). In this work we focus on the Entropy Perturbation Law (EPL) which, similarly to the first law of black hole thermodynamics, relates perturbations of the charges labeling perturbations around a given NHEG to the corresponding entropy perturbation. We show that field perturbations governed by the linearized equations of motion and symmetry conditions which we carefully specify, satisfy the EPL. We also show that these perturbations are limited to those coming from difference of two NHEG solutions (i.e. variations on the NHEG solution parameter space). Our analysis and discussions shed light on the "no-dynamics" statements of arXiv:0906.2380 and arXiv:0906.2376.Comment: 38 page

Spreading depression triggers ictal activity in disinhibited hippocampal slices

Die enge Verwandtschaft zwischen der Spreading depression (SD) und experimenteller epileptischer Aktivität hat zu zahlreichen Untersuchungen zum Wechselspiel dieser zwei Phänomene geführt. Trotz dieser Untersuchungen in verschiedenen Tiermodellen, ist der genaue Zusammenhang zwischen SD und epileptiformer Feldpotentiale unklar. Daher wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Interaktion von SD und experimenteller epileptischer Aktivität in hippocampalen Rattenhirnschnitten untersucht

Wiggling Throat of Extremal Black Holes

We construct the classical phase space of geometries in the near-horizon region of vacuum extremal black holes as announced in [arXiv:1503.07861]. Motivated by the uniqueness theorems for such solutions and for perturbations around them, we build a family of metrics depending upon a single periodic function defined on the torus spanned by the $U(1)$ isometry directions. We show that this set of metrics is equipped with a consistent symplectic structure and hence defines a phase space. The phase space forms a representation of an infinite dimensional algebra of so-called symplectic symmetries. The symmetry algebra is an extension of the Virasoro algebra whose central extension is the black hole entropy. We motivate the choice of diffeomorphisms leading to the phase space and explicitly derive the symplectic structure, the algebra of symplectic symmetries and the corresponding conserved charges. We also discuss a formulation of these charges with a Liouville type stress-tensor on the torus defined by the $U(1)$ isometries and outline possible future directions.Comment: 56 pages, 3 figure

Performance of Resource Efficient Routing Protocols for ireless Ad-hoc Networks in the Presence of Channel Fading

Adhoc networks interconnect mobile terminals without intervention of a base station in other words these networks do not use traditional infrastructure of base stations to interconnect to complete a communication link. In these networks, the mobile units operate in store and forward mode until the data reaches the destination. Due to mobility of the participating nodes, the network configuration continuously changes and the currently route in use may not be available. This necessitates establishing a new route. This paper compares the network throughput for several protocols from the point of view of resource efficiency when the channel fading is present

Solution Phase Space and Conserved Charges: A General Formulation for Charges Associated with Exact Symmetries

We provide a general formulation for calculating conserved charges for solutions to generally covariant gravitational theories with possibly other internal gauge symmetries, in any dimensions and with generic asymptotic behaviors. These solutions are generically specified by a number of exact (continuous, global) symmetries and some parameters. We define "parametric variations" as field perturbations generated by variations of the solution parameters. Employing the covariant phase space method, we establish that the set of these solutions (up to pure gauge transformations) form a phase space, the \emph{solution phase space}, and that the tangent space of this phase space includes the parametric variations. We then compute conserved charge variations associated with the exact symmetries of the family of solutions, caused by parametric variations. Integrating the charge variations over a path in the solution phase space, we define the conserved charges. In particular, we revisit "black hole entropy as a conserved charge" and the derivation of the first law of black hole thermodynamics. We show that the solution phase space setting enables us to define black hole entropy by an integration over any compact, codminesion-2, smooth spacelike surface encircling the hole, as well as to a natural generalization of Wald and Iyer-Wald analysis to cases involving gauge fields.Comment: 35 pp, no figure

A Quantum Key Distribution Network Through Single Mode Optical Fiber

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been developed within the last decade that is provably secure against arbitrary computing power, and even against quantum computer attacks. Now there is a strong need of research to exploit this technology in the existing communication networks. In this paper we have presented various experimental results pertaining to QKD like Raw key rate and Quantum bit error rate (QBER). We found these results over 25 km single mode optical fiber. The experimental setup implemented the enhanced version of BB84 QKD protocol. Based upon the results obtained, we have presented a network design which can be implemented for the realization of large scale QKD networks. Furthermore, several new ideas are presented and discussed to integrate the QKD technique in the classical communication networks.Comment: This paper has been submitted to the 2006 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems (CTS 2006)May 14-17, 2006, Las Vegas, Nevada, US

On the Solution of the Number-Projected Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov Equations

The numerical solution of the recently formulated number-projected Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equations is studied in an exactly soluble cranked-deformed shell model Hamiltonian. It is found that the solution of these number-projected equations involve similar numerical effort as that of bare HFB. We consider that this is a significant progress in the mean-field studies of the quantum many-body systems. The results of the projected calculations are shown to be in almost complete agreement with the exact solutions of the model Hamiltonian. The phase transition obtained in the HFB theory as a function of the rotational frequency is shown to be smeared out with the projection.Comment: RevTeX, 11 pages, 3 figures. To be published in a special edition of Physics of Atomic Nuclei (former Sov. J. Nucl. Phys.) dedicated to the 90th birthday of A.B. Migda