A unified learning framework for content based medical image retrieval using a statistical model

AbstractThis paper presents a unified learning framework for heterogeneous medical image retrieval based on a Full Range Autoregressive Model (FRAR) with the Bayesian approach (BA). Using the unified framework, the color autocorrelogram, edge orientation autocorrelogram (EOAC) and micro-texture information of medical images are extracted. The EOAC is constructed in HSV color space, to circumvent the loss of edges due to spectral and chromatic variations. The proposed system employed adaptive binary tree based support vector machine (ABTSVM) for efficient and fast classification of medical images in feature vector space. The Manhattan distance measure of order one is used in the proposed system to perform a similarity measure in the classified and indexed feature vector space. The precision and recall (PR) method is used as a measure of performance in the proposed system. Short-term based relevance feedback (RF) mechanism is also adopted to reduce the semantic gap. The Experimental results reveal that the retrieval performance of the proposed system for heterogeneous medical image database is better than the existing systems at low computational and storage cost

Effect of intra-uterine administration of Lactobacillus bacteria on the steroid hormone profile in sub-clinical endometritis affected cows

Infertility in bovines is a major cause of serious economic loss to the dairy farmers. A major reason for infertility is sub-clinical, retrograde uterine infections. Sub-clinical endometritis is endometrial inflammation without apparent clinical manifestation and usually without signs of infection. This condition may be due to uterine infections or an extended inflammatory period that exists after elimination of bacteria. At present, infertility treatment is mainly done with intrauterine antibacterials, antiseptics and less commonly by hormones. These days, the major problem faced by animal reproductive health workers is the multiple drug resistance pathogens because of the indiscriminate use of antibiotics.Therefore, a different approach for more effective treatment of subclinical endometritis with Lactobacilli and its role on the steroid hormone profile was studied. In the present study, estradiol-17 β values were lower in the sub-clinical endometritis  affected  cows.  Whereas,  intra-uterine administration of Lactobacillus bacteria caused significant increase in estradiol level in a cycle after treatment in cross- bred cows. Similarly, the circulating serum progesterone concentration was also found to be low in subclinical endometritis affected cows. These findings could be used for clinical and experimental interpretations. Further, the information on pulsatile release of gonadotropins and steroid hormones status, receptors and its control, the close relationship among hormones could be necessary for better understanding of the role of steroid hormones in sub-clinical uterine infections

Integrated genomic analyses of ovarian carcinoma

A catalogue of molecular aberrations that cause ovarian cancer is critical for developing and deploying therapies that will improve patients’ lives. The Cancer Genome Atlas project has analysed messenger RNA expression, microRNA expression, promoter methylation and DNA copy number in 489 high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinomas and the DNA sequences of exons from coding genes in 316 of these tumours. Here we report that high-grade serous ovarian cancer is characterized by TP53 mutations in almost all tumours (96%); low prevalence but statistically recurrent somatic mutations in nine further genes including NF1, BRCA1, BRCA2, RB1 and CDK12; 113 significant focal DNA copy number aberrations; and promoter methylation events involving 168 genes. Analyses delineated four ovarian cancer transcriptional subtypes, three microRNA subtypes, four promoter methylation subtypes and a transcriptional signature associated with survival duration, and shed new light on the impact that tumours with BRCA1/2 (BRCA1 or BRCA2) and CCNE1 aberrations have on survival. Pathway analyses suggested that homologous recombination is defective in about half of the tumours analysed, and that NOTCH and FOXM1 signalling are involved in serous ovarian cancer pathophysiology.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U54HG003067)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U54HG003273)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U54HG003079)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126543)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126544)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126546)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126551)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126554)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126561)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA126563)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143882)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143731)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143835)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143845)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143858)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA144025)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143866)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143867)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143848)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant U24CA143843)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R21CA135877

Metatranscriptomics reveals metabolic adaptation and induction of virulence factors by Haemophilus parasuis during lung infection

International audienceAbstractHaemophilus parasuis is a common inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract of pigs, and the causative agent of Glässer’s disease. This disease is characterized by polyserositis and arthritis, produced by the severe inflammation caused by the systemic spread of the bacterium. After an initial colonization of the upper respiratory tract, H. parasuis enters the lung during the early stages of pig infection. In order to study gene expression at this location, we sequenced the ex vivo and in vivo H. parasuis Nagasaki transcriptome in the lung using a metatranscriptomic approach. Comparison of gene expression under these conditions with that found in conventional plate culture showed generally reduced expression of genes associated with anabolic and catabolic pathways, coupled with up-regulation of membrane-related genes involved in carbon acquisition, iron binding and pathogenesis. Some of the up-regulated membrane genes, including ABC transporters, virulence-associated autotransporters (vtaAs) and several hypothetical proteins, were only present in virulent H. parasuis strains, highlighting their significance as markers of disease potential. Finally, the analysis also revealed the presence of numerous antisense transcripts with possible roles in gene regulation. In summary, this data sheds some light on the scarcely studied in vivo transcriptome of H. parasuis, revealing nutritional virulence as an adaptive strategy for host survival, besides induction of classical virulence factors

Color image retrieval using statistical model and radial basis function neu

This paper proposes a new and effective framework for color image retrieval based on Full Range Autoregressive Model (FRAR). Bayesian approach (BA) is used to estimate the parameters of the FRAR model. The color autocorrelogram, a new version of edge histogram descriptor (EHD) and micro-texture (MT) features are extracted using a common framework based on the FRAR model with BA. The extracted features are combined to form a feature vector, which is normalized and stored in image feature vector database. The feature vector database is categorized according to the nature of the images using the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and k-means clustering algorithm. The proposed system adopted Manhattan distance measure of order one to measure the similarity between the query and target images in the categorized and indexed feature vector database. The query refinement approach of short-term learning based relevance feedback mechanism is adopted to reduce the semantic gap. The experimental results, based on precision and recall method are reported. It demonstrates the performance of the improved EHD, effectiveness and efficiency achieved by the proposed framework

NiVER: Non Increasing Variable Elimination Resolution for Preprocessing SAT instances

The original algorithm for the SAT problem, Variable Elimination Resolution (VER/DP) has exponential space complexity. To tackle that, the backtracking based DPLL procedure [2] is used in SAT solvers. We present a combination of both of the techniques. We use NiVER, a special case of VER, to eliminate some variables in a preprocessing step and then solve the simplified problem using a DPLL SAT solver. NiVER is a strictly formula size not increasing resolution based preprocessor. Best worst-case upper bounds for general SAT solving (arbitrary clause length) in terms of N (Number of variables), K (Number of clauses) and L (Literal count) are 2 , respectively [14]. In the experiments, NiVER resulted in upto 74% decrease in N , 58% decrease in K and 46% decrease in L. In many real life instances, we observed that most of the resolvents for several variables are tautologies. There will be no increase in space due to VER on them. Hence, despite its simplicity, NiVER does result in easier instances. In most of the cases, NiVER takes less than one second for preprocessing. In case NiVER removable variables are not present, due to very low overhead, the cost of NiVER is insignificant. We also study the e#ect of combining NiVER with HyPre [3], a preprocessor based on hyper binary resolution. Based on experimental results, we classify the SAT instances into 4 classes. NiVER consistently performs well in all those classes and hence can be incorporated into all general purpose SAT solvers

Influence of 3PL service offerings on client performance in India

This paper examines, in the context of outsourcing, the effects of improving the performance indicators of a client to the services offered by a 3PL provider. A research model has been developed and four research hypotheses are analyzed empirically using multiple regression analysis. The results point out that there is a positive influence in the performance indicators for clients who are in association with a 3PL provider. It is proved that the clients distinguish a 3PL provider as providing them with a potential pathway to a more innovative business model. The theoretical, managerial and research implications are also highlighted.3PL providers Service offerings Performance indicators Multiple regression analysis

Detection of Banana bunchy top virus and Banana streak Mysore virus by PCR: impact of storing virus infected banana samples

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) and Banana streak Mysore virus (BSMyV) are economically important DNA viruses infecting of banana in India. A study was conducted to evaluate different methods of storage for BBTV and BSMyV infected banana leaf samples for detection by PCR. Virus infected leaves were stored at room temperature (28°C±2) as dried samples, which were processed by three methods viz., hot air oven at 55°C, calcium chloride (CaCl2), and air drying (28±2°C), at 4°C (in refrigerator) and at -86°C (in deep freezer) as wet samples. BBTV was detected in all samples stored at all conditions up to 15th day of storage. On 30th day of storage, the virus was consistently detected in samples dried in hot air oven and desiccated using CaCl2 but not in samples dried at room temperature BSMyV was detected in symptomatic leaf samples dried in hot air oven and CaCl2 desiccation on 45th day of storage and even up to 60th day of storage for samples stored at 4°C and -86°C. In case of asymptomatic samples, the virus was detected on 30th day of storage for samples desiccated with CaCl2 and at 4°C and -86°C. Drying the samples by CaCl2 desiccation improved the detection of banana viruses by PCR. It is recommended that the tissue culture industries can dry the banana leaf samples by CaCl2 desiccation before dispatching to accredited laboratories for testing BBTV and BSMyV

Phenylalanine ammonia lyaseand total phenol content in resistant banana to Pratylenchus coffeae

The biochemical alterations in resistance banana accessions showed that relatively higher Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) activity than the susceptible ones indicating the inherent higher content of PAL in resistant accessions. The higher activity of this enzyme in resistant accessions viz., Karthobiumtham, M. balbisiana, Kanai Bansi, Bhimkol, Athiakol, Aittakol, Kechulepa was negatively correlated with lesion index of roots and corm. Increase in phenol content and enzyme activities were negatively related with the degree of infestation. In the present study, total phenol estimated in roots of banana genotypes showed that these compounds were higher in resistant accessions than susceptible ones