Skin Necrosis Distal to a Rapid Infusion Catheter: Understanding Possible Complications of Large-bore Vascular Access Devices.

Rapid infusion catheters (RICs) allow expedient conversion of peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheters to peripheral sheaths; however, little is known about potential complications. In this case, a 64-year-old male polytrauma patient had a 20-gauge PIV catheter in the right cephalic vein upsized to an 8.5 French (Fr) RIC without incident during an arrest with pulseless electrical activity (PEA). On RIC post-placement day two, the patient developed edema and ecchymosis extending from the right dorsal mid-hand to the antecubital fossa, just distal to the RIC insertion point. Compartments were soft; the volar surface (including an arterial line location), fingers, and upper arm were normal. The RIC flushed and returned blood appropriately. Ultrasound revealed a noncompressible cephalic vein either related to the catheter or thrombosis, and imaging of the hand showed an ulnar styloid fracture and a minimally displaced triquetral fracture. The RIC was removed immediately. Over the next week, the areas of ecchymosis developed bullae and then sloughed, leaving open wounds extending into the dermis. The patient later expired from unrelated causes. The area and timing of the skin necrosis were highly suspicious for a catheter-associated complication, despite the presence of the arterial line and small distal fractures. The necrosis was potentially due to thrombosis of the superficial venous outflow system, leading to congestion and skin compromise, but we found no similar reports. Alternatively, the catheter may have ruptured the vein and caused a gravity-dependent ecchymosis, but the volar surface was not impacted, and the catheter was functioning properly. The RIC may also have encroached on the arterial space, decreasing flow, but we would have expected distal hand changes. The only published reports we could find on RIC complications involved a lost guide wire, fragmentation of a catheter during placement, and a case of compartment syndrome, raising the question of whether skin necrosis is truly a rare event or simply underreported with the RIC. Although the exact causal relationship remains unknown in our case, RICs should be removed as soon as possible after immediate stabilization

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [32nd ed. 2013]

The 2013 edition of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 32nd production of the print directory and the 13th year of the online version. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation websites, annual reports, and newsletters.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1011/thumbnail.jp

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [31st ed. 2012]

The 2012 release of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 31st edition of the print directory and the twelfth year of the online version. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation Web sites, annual reports, and newsletters. Fortunately, Wisconsin foundations are rebounding from the recent economic downturn. While the total number of active foundations (1301) decreased slightly from 2011’s high number, 57 new foundations were identified and two key measures show positive growth. Total assets increased by 12% from last year to over $7 billion, and grants rose 7$490 million, close to pre-recession totals. The following table illustrates the 10-year financial pattern as documented in Foundations in Wisconsin.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1010/thumbnail.jp

Self-similar structure and experimental signatures of suprathermal ion distribution in inertial confinement fusion implosions

The distribution function of suprathermal ions is found to be self-similar under conditions relevant to inertial confinement fusion hot-spots. By utilizing this feature, interference between the hydro-instabilities and kinetic effects is for the first time assessed quantitatively to find that the instabilities substantially aggravate the fusion reactivity reduction. The ion tail depletion is also shown to lower the experimentally inferred ion temperature, a novel kinetic effect that may explain the discrepancy between the exploding pusher experiments and rad-hydro simulations and contribute to the observation that temperature inferred from DD reaction products is lower than from DT at National Ignition Facility.Comment: Revised version accepted for publication in PRL. "Copyright (2015) by the American Physical Society.

Foundations in Wisconsin: A Directory [33rd ed. 2014]

The 2014 release of Foundations in Wisconsin marks the 33rd edition of the print directory and the 14th year of the online version. The directory is designed as a research tool for grantseekers interested in locating information on private, corporate, and community foundations registered in Wisconsin. Each entry in this new edition has been updated or reviewed to provide the most current information available. Most of the data was drawn from IRS 990-PF tax returns filed by the foundations. Additional information was obtained from surveys, foundation websites, annual reports, and newsletters.https://epublications.marquette.edu/lib_fiw/1012/thumbnail.jp

Assessment of ion kinetic effects in shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions using fusion burn imaging

The significance and nature of ion kinetic effects in D3He-filled, shock-driven inertial confinement fusion implosions are assessed through measurements of fusion burn profiles. Over this series of experiments, the ratio of ion-ion mean free path to minimum shell radius (the Knudsen number, NK) was varied from 0.3 to 9 in order to probe hydrodynamic-like to strongly kinetic plasma conditions; as the Knudsen number increased, hydrodynamic models increasingly failed to match measured yields, while an empirically-tuned, first-step model of ion kinetic effects better captured the observed yield trends [Rosenberg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 185001 (2014)]. Here, spatially resolved measurements of the fusion burn are used to examine kinetic ion transport effects in greater detail, adding an additional dimension of understanding that goes beyond zero-dimensional integrated quantities to one-dimensional profiles. In agreement with the previous findings, a comparison of measured and simulated burn profiles shows that models including ion transport effects are able to better match the experimental results. In implosions characterized by large Knudsen numbers (NK3), the fusion burn profiles predicted by hydrodynamics simulations that exclude ion mean free path effects are peaked far from the origin, in stark disagreement with the experimentally observed profiles, which are centrally peaked. In contrast, a hydrodynamics simulation that includes a model of ion diffusion is able to qualitatively match the measured profile shapes. Therefore, ion diffusion or diffusion-like processes are identified as a plausible explanation of the observed trends, though further refinement of the models is needed for a more complete and quantitative understanding of ion kinetic effects

Simulation of Integrated Actuators for Electrostatic Self-Assembly

Die Montage ist ein Kostentreiber in der Produktion, insbesondere wenn die Anforderungen an die Präzision stei-gen. Ein Ansatz für die kostengünstige Feinpositionierung von planaren Bauteilen ist die elektrostatische Self-Assembly, bei dem Aktoren in die Bauteile integriert werden. In diesem Artikel werden die Grundlagen des Designs solcher Systeme thematisiert, da diese Ausschlaggebend für die resultierenden Positionierkräfte sind. Zum Feststellen der Zusammenhänge werden Simulationen für einzelne Elektrodenpaare durchgeführt, wobei die Geometrien Kreis, Quadrat, Rechteck, Sechseck und Dreieck miteinander verglichen werden. Die Auswertung erfolgt mit der simulierten Maximalkraft und der Kraftverteilung innerhalb der xy-Ebene. In Hinblick auf die Prozessgrößen Präzision und maximalen Wirkbereich werden die Ergebnisse interpretiert und Rückschlüsse auf die sinnvolle Gestaltung von Self-Assembly Systemen gezogen. Abschließend erfolgt ein Ausblick auf weitere Forschungen zu elektrostatischen Self-Assembly Systemen.Assembly is a high-cost process in production, especially when the precision requirements are high. One approach for cost-effective fine positioning of planar components is electrostatic self-assembly. Therefore, actuators are integrated into the components. This paper deals with the fundamental design principles of such systems, because they are significantly influencing the alignment force. This paper presents simulations of individual electrode pairs, comparing the geometries circle, square, rectangle, hexagon and triangle. The evaluation shows the results of the simulated maximum force and the force distribution within the xy-plane. Aiming for high precision and a wide range of force distribution, conclusions are made about the appropriate design of self-assembly systems. In conclusion, there is an outlook on additional research into electrostatic self-assembly systems

Automation of flexible handling of hot forged Tailored Forming components

Universalgreifer sind flexibel einsetzbar und können sich an verschiedene Situationen und Objekte anpassen. Aktuelle formvariable Universalgreifer bestehen überwiegend aus monolithischen polymeren Werkstoffen, deren maximale Einsatztemperaturen bei 300 °C liegen. Somit kann von der Formflexibilität nicht in Bereich profitiert werden in denen höhere Temperaturen vorherrschen und die zu handhabenden Objekte Umformungsprozesse durchschreiten. Solch ein Bereich ist der Schmiedesektor, bei dem die Objekte Temperaturen von bis zu 1250 °C erreichen. Die vorliegende Diskrepanz zwischen der Formvariabilität der Greifer und den Prozesstemperaturen im Schmiedesektor versuchen wir zu schließen. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir das von uns entwickelte Konzept eines formvariablen hochtemperaturbeständigem Handhabungssystem und deren praktische Umsetzung vor, sowie die noch zu lösenden Herausforderungen.Universal grippers are flexible and can adapt to different situations and objects. The shape variability has limitations, for example, the temperature. For manufacturing such shape variable grippers, elastic polymer materials are used. The material has an upper limit of the operating temperature of 300 °C. In the forging sector, the manufactured object change their geometry during the process and reaches temperature up 1250 °C. Here, we see the potential of the utilization of shape variable grippers. Therefore, we developed a system that overcomes the gap between the temperature limitation of current shape variable grippers and the high temperature in forging environments. This paper presents our gripper and the task to be solved in future works

Terawatt, Joule-Class Pulsed THz Sources from Microchannel Targets

Production of terawatt, joule class THz radiation sources from microchannel targets driven with 100s of joule, picosecond lasers is reported. THz sources of this magnitude are useful for non-linear pumping of matter and for charged particle acceleration and manipulation. Microchannel targets demonstrate increased conversion efficiency compared to planar foil targets, with laser energy to THz energy conversion up to 0.9 percent.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Benefit of extra sensors for distinguishability of models of electric power trains in structure und parameter identification

Für viele Fragestellungen aus Reglerauslegung, Vorsteuerung und Zustandsüberwachung werden Prozessmodelle mit korrekter und physikalisch interpretierbarer innerer Struktur benötigt (phenomenologische Modelle). Die modellbasierten Ansätze werden in der Industrie vielfach noch nicht angewandt, weil die Modellerstellung ein hohes Maß an Expertenwissen und die langwierige Programmierung von Experimenten erfordert. Eine automatischen Struktur- und Parameteridentifikation ist dadurch bebrenzt, dass anhand des Ein-/Ausgangsverhaltens häufig die Unterscheidbarkeit von Modellen nicht gegeben ist. In dieser Veröffentlichung liegt der Fokus auf industriellen Anlagen mit elektrischem Antriebsstrang und einfacher Kinematik wie Regalbediengeräten, Werkzeugmaschinen und Positionierantrieben. Diese Systeme haben häufig nur einen Positions- und einen Stromsensor. Es wird in Experimenten gezeigt, dass durch Hinzunahme von einfach zu installierenden Zusatzsensoren wie Beschleunigungssensoren oder Drehratensensoren in einigen Fällen eine eindeutige Strukturidentifikation ermöglicht wird, auch wenn nur wenig Vorwissen über den Sensorort vorliegt