Nuclear effects in Neutrino Nuclear Cross-sections

Nuclear effects in the quasielastic and inelastic scattering of neutrinos(antineutrinos) from nuclear targets have been studied. The calculations are done in the local density approximation which take into account the effect of nucleon motion as well as renormalisation of weak transition strengths in the nuclear medium. The inelastic reaction leading to production of pions is calculated in a $\Delta$ dominance model taking into account the renormalization of $\Delta$ properties in the nuclear medium.Comment: 4 pages,3 figures, Ninth International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Superbeams and Betabeams (NuFact07), August 6-11, 2007, Okayama University, Okayama, Japa

Recording system for the solar neutron monitoring at Mt. Norikura

To monitor solar neutron events, a new recording system will be installed at Mt. Norikura Cosmic Ray Observatory. The recording system is composed of a pulse counter with clock and a microcomputer with minifloppy disk. The counter and the microcomputer are connected through the General Purpose Interface Bus line. The one minute total count of the neutron monitor is recorded on the minifloppy disk

Tachyon Vacuum in Cubic Superstring Field Theory

In this paper we give an exact analytic solution for tachyon condensation in the modified (picture 0) cubic superstring field theory. We prove the absence of cohomology and, crucially, reproduce the correct value for the D-brane tension. The solution is surprising for two reasons: First, the existence of a tachyon vacuum in this theory has not been definitively established in the level expansion. Second, the solution {\it vanishes} in the GSO$(-)$ sector, implying a ``tachyon vacuum'' solution exists even for a {\it BPS} D-brane.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figure

Concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumour tissue as a prognostic factor of soft tissue sarcomas

Previous studies have shown that the prognosis of patients who have tumours with high microvessel density (MVD) is worse than that of patients who have a lower density in a variety of cancers. In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance of neovascularity assessed by MVD and the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the tumour tissue of patients with soft tissue sarcoma in comparison with major clinicohistologic parameters by univariate and multivariate analysis. In 115 patients with soft tissue sarcoma, MVD was measured by counting vessels stained with factor VIII antibody. The concentration of VEGF in the tumour tissue was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These parameters were then compared with disease outcome. The concentration of VEGF in the tumour tissue, but not MVD, was found to be correlated with disease outcome in patients with soft tissue, sarcoma. VEGF concentration in the tumour tissue showed a relationship with the clinical stage and histologic grade of the tumour. There was no significant difference in the levels of tissue VEGF concentration and MVD among soft tissue sarcomas classified according to histologic type. The level of tissue VEGF concentration in patients who had subsequent local recurrence and metastasis were significantly higher than the respective values in patients who did not have such disease outcome. No significant correlation existed between MVD and the concentration of VEGF in the tumour tissue. Univariate analysis showed that a high tissue VEGF concentration was associated with poor overall survival of the patient and a greater probability that local recurrence and metastasis had occurred. Multivariate analysis revealed that the tissue concentration of VEGF is an independent prognostic factor for the disease outcome of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. VEGF concentration in the tumour tissue, but not MVD, is an additional prognostic parameter for disease outcome in patients with soft tissue sarcoma, regardless of histologic type. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co

A perturbative analysis of tachyon condensation

Tachyon condensation in the open bosonic string is analyzed using a perturbative expansion of the tachyon potential around the unstable D25-brane vacuum. Using the leading terms in the tachyon potential, Pad\'e approximants can apparently give the energy of the stable vacuum to arbitrarily good accuracy. Level-truncation approximations up to level 10 for the coefficients in the tachyon potential are extrapolated to higher levels and used to find approximants for the full potential. At level 14 and above, the resulting approximants give an energy less than -1 in units of the D25-brane tension, in agreement with recent level-truncation results by Gaiotto and Rastelli. The extrapolated energy continues to decrease below -1 until reaching a minimum near level 26, after which the energy turns around and begins to approach -1 from below. Within the accuracy of this method, these results are completely consistent with an energy which approaches -1 as the level of truncation is taken to be arbitrarily large.Comment: 8 pages, 3 eps figures, Latex; v2: typo correcte

Toward Open-Closed String Theoretical Description of Rolling Tachyon

We consider how the time-dependent decay process of an unstable D-brane should be described in the full (quantum) open-closed string theory. It is argued that the system, starting from the unstable D-brane configuration, will evolve in time into the time-independent open string tachyon vacuum configuration which we assume to be finite, with the total energy conserved. As a concrete realization of this idea, we construct a toy model describing the open and closed string tachyons which admits such a time-dependent solution. The structure of our model has some resemblance to that of open-closed string field theory.Comment: 1+10 pages, 6 figures. v2: a reference adde

Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Molecular Interaction between PICK1 and PKC

PICK1 is a protein which was initially identified as a protein kinase Cα (αPKC) binding protein using the yeast two-hybrid system. In addition to αPKC, the PICK1 complex binds to and regulates various transmembrane proteins including receptors and transporters. However, it has not been clarified when and where PICK1 binds to αPKC. We examined the spatio­temporal interaction of PICK1 and PKC using live imaging techniques and showed that the activated αPKC binds to PICK1 and transports it to the plasma membrane. Although the membrane translocation of PICK1 requires the activation of αPKC, PICK1 is retained on the membrane even after PKC moves back to the cytosol. These results suggest that the interaction between αPKC and PICK1 is transient and may not be necessary for the regulation of receptors/transporters by PICK1 or by αPKC on the membrane

Tachyon Kink on non-BPS Dp-brane in the General Background

This paper is devoted to the study of the tachyon kink on the worldvolume of a non-BPS Dp-brane that is embedded in general background, including NS-NS two form B and also general Ramond-Ramond field. We will explicitly show that the dynamics of the kink is described by the equations of motion that arrise from the DBI and WZ action for D(p-1)-brane.Comment: 28 page

String Field Theory Vertices for Fermions of Integral Weight

We construct Witten-type string field theory vertices for a fermionic first order system with conformal weights (0,1) in the operator formulation using delta-function overlap conditions as well as the Neumann function method. The identity, the reflector and the interaction vertex are treated in detail paying attention to the zero mode conditions and the U(1) charge anomaly. The Neumann coefficients for the interaction vertex are shown to be intimately connected with the coefficients for bosons allowing a simple proof that the reparametrization anomaly of the fermionic first order system cancels the contribution of two real bosons. This agrees with their contribution c=-2 to the central charge. The overlap equations for the interaction vertex are shown to hold. Our results have applications in N=2 string field theory, Berkovits' hybrid formalism for superstring field theory, the \eta\xi-system and the twisted bc-system used in bosonic vacuum string field theory.Comment: 1+28 pages, minor improvements, references adde