Intentional or Negligent Homicide? Evidence for Juror Decision Making

The present study examined the influence of specific evidence and testimonies on a juror's decision to make a verdict of intentional or negligent homicide in a Civil law country. Italian students (N = 280; M age = 25.0 years, SD = 2.9) read different affidavits characterized by the presence or absence of three elements against the defendant: motive, skill in use of weapons, and previous violence toward the victim. Participants then decided a verdict and provided a confidence judgment on their decision. Results showed that the presence of motive, skill, and previous violence influenced the jurors' decision, significantly changing the verdict from negligent to intentional homicide. The findings were discussed in terms of the folk-concept approach of intentionality

Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations: prepared by the International Groups of Experts at the Invitation of the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence

Tallinn Manual 2.0 expands on the highly influential first edition by expanding the coverage of the international law applicable to cyber warfare to include the peacetime legal regimes.Although the Tallinn Manual 2.0 represents the views of the Group of Experts in their personal capacity, the project benefited from the unofficial input of many States and over 50 peer reviewer