Temporary labor migration and domestic economy in social reproduction strategies: the case of forest workers Bernardo de Irigoyen (Misiones, Argentina)

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo las unidades domésticas participes de la migración laboral temporaria articulan distintos mecanismos de reproducción social, haciendo énfasis en el lugar que ocupan las prácticas agropecuarias a pequeña escala. Nuestro referente empírico es un conjunto de unidades domésticas ubicadas en la zona rural del municipio de Bernardo de Irigoyen (Misiones, Argentina) que cuentan con algún/os miembros que migran o han migrado hacía otras provincias para emplearse en el sector forestal. La metodología empleada es de tipo cualitativa mediante la utilización de entrevistas a miembros migrantes y no migrantes de las unidades domésticas analizadas, complementadas con observaciones. Este artículo concluye que en aquellos grupos domésticos con mayores dificultades de inserción al mercado laboral, las prácticas agropecuarias, junto con las transferencias monetarias estatales, son centrales en la reproducción social. Por el contrario, en aquellos casos en que algún miembro de la unidad doméstica sostiene una inserción al mercado laboral relativamente estable, las prácticas prediales tienen una importancia secundaria o nula para la subsistencia del grupo. Asimismo, las distintas formas de configuración de estrategias de reproducción varían según las características de la unidad doméstica y se vinculan con distintas formas de división familiar del trabajo, prácticas de consumo y estrategias de escolarización.The objective of this article is to analyze how domestic units participating in temporary labor migration articulate different mechanisms of social reproduction, emphasizing the place of small-scale farming practices. Our empirical reference is a set of domestic units located in the rural area of the municipality of Bernardo de Irigoyen (Misiones, Argentina) that have some members who migrate or have migrated to other provinces to be employed in the forestry sector. The methodology used is qualitative by using interviewees to migrant and non-migrant members of the domestic units analyzed, complemented by observations. This article concludes that in those groups with greater diffi culties of insertion in the labor market, the agricultural practices, together with the state monetary transfers, the threads in the social reproduction. On the contrary, in cases where a member of the household maintains an insertion in the stable labor market, property practices are of secondary importance to the subsistence of the group. Also, the diverse forms of confi guration of reproduction strategies vary according to the characteristics of the household and relate to different forms of family division of labor, consumption practices and schooling strategies.Fil: Albertí, Alfonsina Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Laborales; Argentin

SHIP Down-Regulates FcεR-1-Induced Degranulation at Supraoptimal IgE or Antigen Levels

Cross-linking of the IgE-loaded high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεR1) by multivalent Ags results in mast cell activation and subsequent release of multiple proinflammatory mediators. The dose-response curve for FcεR1-mediated degranulation is bell-shaped, regardless of whether the IgE or the Ag concentration is varied. Although overall calcium influx follows this bell-shaped curve, intracellular calcium release continues to increase at supraoptimal IgE or Ag concentrations. As well, overall calcium mobilization adopts more transient kinetics when stimulations are conducted with supraoptimal instead of optimal Ag concentrations. Moreover, certain early signaling events continue to increase whereas degranulation drops under supraoptimal conditions. We identified SHIP, possibly in association with the FcεR1 β-chain, as a critical negative regulator acting within the inhibitory (supraoptimal) region of the dose-response curve that shifts the kinetics of calcium mobilization from a sustained to a transient response. Consistent with this, we found that degranulation of SHIP-deficient murine bone marrow-derived mast cells was not significantly reduced at supraoptimal Ag levels. A potential mediator of SHIP action, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, did not seem to play a role within the supraoptimal suppression of degranulation. Interestingly, SHIP was found to colocalize with the actin cytoskeleton (which has been shown previously to mediate the inhibition of degranulation at supraoptimal Ag doses). These results suggest that SHIP, together with other negative regulators, restrains bone marrow-derived mast cell activation at supraoptimal IgE or Ag concentrations in concert with the actin cytoskeleton