Wine aging: a bottleneck story

International audienceThe sporadic oxidation of white wines remains an open question, making wine shelf life a subjective debate. Through a multidisciplinary synoptic approach performed as a remarkable case study on aged bottles of white wine, this work unraveled a yet unexplored route for uncontrolled oxidation. By combining sensory evaluation, chemical and metabolomics analyses of the wine, and investigating oxygen transfer through the bottleneck/stopper, this work elucidates the importance of the glass/cork interface. It shows unambiguously that the transfer of oxygen at the interface between the cork stopper and the glass bottleneck must be considered a potentially significant contributor to oxidation state during the bottle aging, leading to a notable modification of a wine's chemical signature

Processing, production methods and characterization of bio-based packaging materials

One of the challenges of using bio-based materials for the development and production of packaging is the scale-up of the production process. The industrial technology used is widely influenced by the thermal properties of the materials used (in the case of ``dry process''), however for some materials only the ``wet process'' is suitable in order to obtain good packaging materials. Additionally, the use of lignocellulosic materials as main materials or as fillers/additives is a great challenge and their compatibility with other bio-based materials must be studied case-by-case, according to the material and its main characteristics. The characteristics of the materials used and the production method will influence not only the thermal, mechanical and barrier properties of the packaging but also its optical properties, the solubility of the films and wettability of the coatings. This chapter presents the main processing conditions and methods for the production of bio-based packaging using lignocellulosic materials. The most important properties and characterization methodologies are also presented, and in the end, the biodegradability and life cycle of bio-based packaging materials are discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Use of lignocellulosic materials in bio-based packaging

This chapter presents the most recent studies on the use of lignocellulosic materials for the development of bio-based packaging materials. It is addressed the incorporation of cellulose and its derivatives, hemicellulose, and lignin in bio-based packaging, and some works where the lignocellulosic materials with few pretreatment are used as filler are also presented. Additionally, it is discussed some bio-based materials extracted from biomass, such as polysaccharides and proteins, but also the chemically synthesized polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), or obtained through biotechnological routes such as polyhydroxyalkanoates.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio