1,033 research outputs found
Exploring the Relationship Between Military Spending & Human Rights Performance in South Asia
The relationship between military spending and human rights is one of the most prominent issues in political economy. Yet, the linkage between the two is empirically underdeveloped. Seeking to fulfill this existing gap in the literature, we examine the effects of militarization on human rights performance in six South Asian economies for the period 1980 ñ 2006. Our findings demonstrate that an increase in military spending significantly reduces human rights. Acceleration of military spending is also associated with decline in human rights performance. By gauging the effect of military spending on human rights conditions during war and peace years, we found that irrespective of war or peace years, any increase in military spending is detrimental to human rights conditions. Further, we find that the negative impact of military spending on human rights is conditioned by increase in their neighborsĂ spending. Given the wide range of socioeconomic and political problems ailing South Asian countries, these results gain significant importance. The study suggests that reduction in military pending could help reallocate the resources to productive purposes, thereby paving way for development and progress. This help reducing social unrest and economic insecurity, thereby increases governmentĂs respect for human rights.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64404/1/wp941.pd
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MILITARY SPENDING & HUMAN RIGHTS PERFORMANCE IN SOUTH ASIA
The relationship between military spending and human rights is one of the most prominent issues in political economy. Yet, the linkage between the two is empirically underdeveloped. Seeking to fulfill this existing gap in the literature, we examine the effects of militarization on human rights performance in six South Asian economies for the period 1980 – 2006. Our findings demonstrate that an increase in military spending significantly reduces human rights. Acceleration of military spending is also associated with decline in human rights performance. By gauging the effect of military spending on human rights conditions during war and peace years, we found that irrespective of war or peace years, any increase in military spending is detrimental to human rights conditions. Further, we find that the negative impact of military spending on human rights is conditioned by increase in their neighbors’ spending. Given the wide range of socioeconomic and political problems ailing South Asian countries, these results gain significant importance. The study suggests that reduction in military pending could help reallocate the resources to productive purposes, thereby paving way for development and progress. This help reducing social unrest and economic insecurity, thereby increases government’s respect for human rights.Military spending; Human rights; South Asia.
Frequency-Doubling of Femtosecond Pulses in “Thick” Nonlinear Crystals With Different Temporal and Spatial Walk-Off Parameters
We present a comparative study on frequency-doubling characteristics of femtosecond
laser pulses in thick nonlinear crystals with different temporal and spatial walk-off
parameters. Using single-pass second harmonic generation (SHG) of 260 fs pulses at
1064 nm from a high-average-power femtosecond Yb-fiber laser in 5-mm-long crystals of
β-BaB2O4 (BBO) and BiB3O6 (BIBO), we find that for comparable values of temporal and
spatial walk-off parameters in each crystal, the optimum focusing condition for SHG is more
strongly influenced by spatial walk-off than temporal walk-off. It is also observed that under
such conditions, the Boyd and Kleinman theory commonly used to define the optimum focusing
condition for frequency-doubling of cw and long-pulse lasers is also valid for SHG
of ultrafast lasers. We also investigate the effect of focusing on the spectral, temporal, and
spatial characteristics of the second harmonic (SH) radiation, as well as angular acceptance
bandwidth for the SHG process, under different temporal and spatial walk-off conditions in
the two crystalsPeer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
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