KUALITAS NUTRIEN DAN KECERNAAN IN VITRO BEBERAPA PAKAN LOKAL TERNAK KAMBING DI LAHAN KERING KEPULAUAN

This study aims to determine the nutritional quality and digestibility value of dry matter and organic matter of local feed. The research was carried out at the Nutrition and Animal Feed Laboratory of the Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic for 2 months. The variables observed were nutrient quality and dry matter and organic matter digestibility in vitro.The results of the analysis showed the average nutrient content of local feed ingredients, namely gamal leaf (BK 93.77%), putak flour (BO 90.33%), fish meal (PK 43.45%), fish meal (LK 4.61% ), rice bran (SK 29.84%), fish meal (KA 39.44%). Thehighest organic matter digestibility was in putak flour 66.47%, followed by fish meal 57.76%, gamal leaf 56.42%, corn husks 47.52%, and rice bran 40.78%. The conclusion of this study is that local feed ingredients for goats, namely rice bran, corn husks, fish meal, putak flour and gamal leaves can be recommended as animal feed.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas nutrien dan nilai kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik pakan lokal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Pakan Ternak Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang selama 2 bulan. Variabel yang diamati adalah kualitas nutrien serta kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik secara in vitro. Hasil analisis menunjukkan rata-rata kandungan nutrien bahan pakan lokal yaitu daun gamal (BK 93,77%), tepung putak (BO 90,33%), tepung ikan (PK 43,45%), tepung ikan (LK 4,61%), dedak padi (SK 29,84%), tepung ikan (KA 39,44%). Kecernaan bahanorganik tertinggi ada pada tepung putak 66,47%, diikuti tepung ikan 57,76%, daun gamal 56,42%, klobot jagung 47,52%, dan dedak padi sebesar 40,78%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahan pakan lokal untuk ternak kambing yaitu dedak padi, klobot jagung, tepung ikan, tepung putak dan daun gamal dapat direkomendasikan sebagai pakan terna

Measuring γ\gamma in B±→K±(KK∗)DB^\pm \to K^\pm (K K^*)_D decays

We develop a method to measure the CKM angle $\gamma$ without hadronic uncertainties from the analysis of $B^\pm \to K^\pm D^0$ and K^\pm \D0bar followed by singly Cabibbo-suppressed $D$ decays to non CP-eigenstates, such as $K^\pm K^{*\mp}$. This method utilizes the interference between $b\to c\bar u s$ and $b\to u\bar c s$ decays, and we point out several attractive features of it. All the modes that need to be measured for this method are accessible in the present data.Comment: 8 page

Implications of a GATT Agreement for World Commodity Markets, 1993-98: An Analysis of the Dunkel Text on Agriculture

The Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute (FAPRI) received a request in mid-February to analyze the proposed changes to agriculture and agricultural trade made by Arthur Dunkel. These changes essentially fall into three areas. 1) Export Competition. Subsidies are subject to reduction in two ways. Expenditures are to be reduced by 36 percent and quantities exported with the benefit of subsidies are to be reduced by 24 percent from 1986-90 average levels. 2) Internal Support. Using a world reference price based on the 1986-88 average levels, internal supports as measured by an aggregate measure of support (AMS) are to be reduced by 20 percent from 1986 levels. Credit will be given for support reductions made since 1986. 3) Market Access. Import restrictions are to be converted to tariffs and reduced across the board by a simple average of 36 percent. Tariffs on individual commodities are to be reduced by at least 15 percent. Where import barriers are in place, either minimum access of 3 percent of domestic consumption in 1993, rising to 5 percent in 1999, or minimum access of 1986-88 average import levels is to be provided, whichever is greater

Determining γ\gamma using B±→DK±B^\pm \to D K^\pm with multibody D decays

We propose a method for determining $\gamma$ using $B^\pm\to D K^\pm$ decays followed by a multibody $D$ decay, such as $D \to K_S \pi^-\pi^+$, $D \to K_S K^-K^+$ and $D \to K_S \pi^-\pi^+\pi^0$. The main advantages of the method is that it uses only Cabibbo allowed $D$ decays, and that large strong phases are expected due to the presence of resonances. Since no knowledge about the resonance structure is needed, $\gamma$ can be extracted without any hadronic uncertainty.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur

What does the evidence tell us about merit principles and government performance?

In October 2020, President Donald Trump sought to convert many US federal civil servants to at-will employees by executive order. Trump's initiative, referred to as Schedule F, has stimulated a partisan debate about dismantling the merit system in the US federal government. A substantial international body of evidence has developed during the last three decades about the effects of administrative practices associated with meritocracy and the likely consequences of changes to civil service systems, such as those embedded in Schedule F. This article employs guidelines established under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to conduct a systematic review of the evidence to address the question: What does the evidence tell us about merit principles and government performance? This systematic review summarizes what empirical research tells us about effects of civil service practices, such as meritocratic appointments, meritocratic advancement, and tenure protection, for government performance and the quality of government. The findings indicate that factors such as meritocratic appointments/recruitment, tenure protection, impartiality, and professionalism are strongly associated with higher government performance and lower corruption. We conclude by discussing implications of our findings for public policy and management and for future research.The politics and administration of institutional chang

Measuring the Weak Phase gamma in Color Allowed B->DKpi Decays

We present a method to measure the weak phase gamma in the three-body decay of charged B mesons to the final states D K pi0. These decays are mediated by interfering amplitudes which are color-allowed and hence relatively large. As a result, large CP violation effects that could be observed with high statistical significance are possible. In addition, the three-body decay helps resolve discrete ambiguities that are usually present in measurements of the weak phase. The experimental implications of conducting these measurements with three-body decays are discussed, and the sensitivity of the method is evaluated using a simulation.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex, 15 eps and ps figure

Distinct Clinicopathologic Clusters of Persons with TDP-43 Proteinopathy

To better understand clinical and neuropathological features of TDP-43 proteinopathies, data were analyzed from autopsied research volunteers who were followed in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) data set. All subjects (n = 495) had autopsy-proven TDP-43 proteinopathy as an inclusion criterion. Subjects underwent comprehensive longitudinal clinical evaluations yearly for 6.9 years before death on average. We tested whether an unsupervised clustering algorithm could detect coherent groups of TDP-43 immunopositive cases based on age at death and extensive neuropathologic data. Although many of the brains had mixed pathologies, four discernible clusters were identified. Key differentiating features were age at death and the severity of comorbid Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic changes (ADNC), particularly neuritic amyloid plaque densities. Cluster 1 contained mostly cases with a pathologic diagnosis of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP), consistent with enrichment of frontotemporal dementia clinical phenotypes including appetite/eating problems, disinhibition and primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Cluster 2 consisted of elderly limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE-NC) subjects without severe neuritic amyloid plaques. Subjects in Cluster 2 had a relatively slow cognitive decline. Subjects in both Clusters 3 and 4 had severe ADNC + LATE-NC; however, Cluster 4 was distinguished by earlier disease onset, swifter disease course, more Lewy body pathology, less neocortical TDP-43 proteinopathy, and a suggestive trend in a subgroup analysis (n = 114) for increased C9orf72 risk SNP rs3849942 T allele (Fisher’s exact test p value = 0.095). Overall, clusters enriched with neocortical TDP-43 proteinopathy (Clusters 1 and 2) tended to have lower levels of neuritic amyloid plaques, and those dying older (Clusters 2 and 3) had far less PPA or disinhibition, but more apathy. Indeed, 98% of subjects dying past age 85 years lacked clinical features of the frontotemporal dementia syndrome. Our study revealed discernible subtypes of LATE-NC and underscored the importance of age of death for differentiating FTLD-TDP and LATE-NC

“...Our support is not enough”: a qualitative analysis of recommendations from informal caregivers of women with female genital fistula in Uganda

Informal caregivers remain critical across the care continuum for complex and stigmatized conditions including female genital fistula, particularly in lower-resource settings burdened by underfunded health systems and workforce shortages. These caregivers often provide significant nonmedical support in both community and facility settings, without pay. Despite their unique insight into the lived experiences of their patients, few studies center the perspectives of informal caregivers. We asked informal caregivers of women seeking surgical treatment of fistula in Kampala Uganda for their ideas about what would improve the recovery and reintegration experiences of their patients. Economic empowerment and community capacity building emerged as primary themes among their responses, and they perceived opportunities for clinical medicine and global health to strengthen strategies for fistula prevention through reintegration. Informal caregivers urged simultaneous investment in women's economic status and community capacity to build fistula-related awareness, knowledge, and skills to improve inclusion of both fistula patients and their informal caregivers