AN APPROACH TO COMPUTER-AIDED RECONSTRUCTION OF MUSEUM EXHIBITS

The article discusses the possibility of using 3D laser and 3D structured light scanning technology to support the restoration of museum objects and presents the concept of applying techniques of 3D scanning and CAD processing to create a model of the missing fragment of a museum object, based on scans of the damaged surface and fragments of the object with a similar shape. The resulting model can be used as a base element in the restoration of the original shape of the artifact, both virtually and in reality. The paper also presents the proposal of a process of reconstructing a missing fragment model of an actual museum object (an exhibit from the Zamoyski Museum in Kozłówka) using the method in question and mobile 3D scanning equipment

The quality of life in patients treated for abdominal aortic aneurysms by classical and endovascular methods

Cel pracy. Porównanie wyników leczenia tętniaków aorty brzusznej metodą operacyjną w trybie planowym oraz leczonych za pomocą endoprotez rozwidlonych. Ocena jakości życia przy użyciu skróconego formularza 36-punktowego SF-36 (Short From 36-Item Health Survey) oraz ankiety specyficznej opracowanej specjalnie dla potrzeb tej pracy. Zestawienie wyników obu metod leczenia i ich porównanie. Materiał i metody. W okresie od stycznia 1998 roku do grudnia 2001 roku leczono 384 chorych z AAA. W trybie nagłym operowano 39 chorych, w trybie planowym - 301 chorych, natomiast 44 chorych leczono techniką endowaskularną za pomocą endoprotez rozwidlonych. Pacjentów poproszono o wypełnienie formularzy przed zabiegiem i 30 dni po operacji podczas wizyty kontrolnej. Pytania dotyczyły: samooceny aktualnego stanu zdrowia pacjenta, dolegliwości bólowych, kłopotów z poruszaniem się, możliwości wykonywania codziennych czynności, kłopotów ze snem, dolegliwości ze strony ran pooperacyjnych. Wyniki. W grupie chorych operowanych planowo z powodu AAA na 301 przypadków wystąpiło 7 zgonów, wykonano 5 reoperacji w tym samym dniu z powodu ostrego niedokrwienia kończyny dolnej oraz 3 relaparotomie z powodu krwawienia do jamy brzusznej. Wszystkie operacje wykonano w znieczuleniu ogólnym przez laparotomię z cięcia pośrodkowego. Wszczepiono 187 protez prostych i 114 rozwidlonych. W powyższej grupie było 38 kobiet i 263 mężczyzn. W drugiej grupie założono 44 endoprotezy z dostępu chirurgicznego do tętnicy udowej w pachwinie po jednej lub obu stronach. Wszystkich 44 chorych zakwalifikowanych do założenia stentgraftów (grupa A) oraz 61 chorych operowanych (grupa B) poproszono o wypełnienie ankiet. W grupie 44 chorych po założeniu endoprotez (grupa A) i w grupie 61 osób po leczeniu operacyjnym (grupa B) 30 dni od zabiegu zanotowano: 6% (A)/24% (B) chorych odczuwało dolegliwości bólowe, 0% (A)/16% (B) miało problemy z poruszaniem się, 23% (A)/24% (B) cierpiało na bezsenność, 20% (A)/49% (B) odczuwało brak energii, 10% (A)/19% (B) zgłaszało stany depresyjne, a 3% (A)/38% - dolegliwości związane z przeprowadzonym zabiegiem, np. ze strony ran pooperacyjnych. Wniosek. Wewnątrznaczyniowe techniki zakładania endoprotez umożliwiają szybszy powrót do zdrowia i są obciążone znacznie mniejszą liczbą dolegliwości pooperacyjnych. Jakość życia chorych w okresie 30 dni od zabiegu jest w sposób istotny lepsza w porównaniu z grupą chorych leczonych klasyczną metodą operacyjną.Aim of the study. A comparison of the results of treatment of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) in the planned procedure by means of operation method and treated by use of Y-grafts; an evaluation of the quality of life by the use of the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey and a specific survey conducted especially for this work; a specification of the results for both methods and a comparison of them. Material and methods. From January 1998 to December 2001, 384 patients suffering from AAA were treated. 39 of them were operated in the acute procedure, 301 in the planned one whereas 44 patients were treated by means of endovascular technique using Y-grafts. The patients were asked to fill in questionnaires before the surgical intervention and 30 days after it, during the control visit. The questions from the survey concerned: patients’ opinion of their actual health status, aches, troubles with moving, the ability to perform everyday activities, sleeping problems and indispositions resulting from postoperative wounds. Results. In the group of patients operated due to AAA according to the plan there were noted: 7 deaths per 301 cases, 5 reoperations because of critical leg ischaemia on the same day and 3 relaparotomies were performed due to bleeding into the abdominal cavity. All of the operations were conducted under general anaesthesia by laparotomy from the intermediate skin incision. 187 normal grafts and 114 bifurcated ones were implanted. The above group included 38 women and 263 men. In the other group 44 endoprostheses were implanted. The endovascular grafts were inserted from the surgical access in the groin to the iliac artery in one or two groins. All the 44 patients classified to the procedure of implantation stentgrafts and 61 patients operated on were asked to fill in the surveys. The results of the performed observations were the following: it was observed that in the group of patients with endoprostheses (group A) and 61 after surgical interventions (group B) in the period of 30 days after the intervention: 6% of A vs. 24% of B patients complained of pain disorders, 0% of A vs. 16% of B had problems with moving, 23% of A vs. 24% of B had troubles with sleeping, 20% of A vs. 49% of B had a feeling of low energy, 10% of A vs. 19% of B reported depression periods, 3% of A vs. 38% of B reported some disorders as a result of the performed operations, e.g. from postoperative wounds. Conclusion. Endovascular techniques of endograft implantation allow a quicker return to good condition and assure one of a significantly smaller number of postoperative disorders. The quality of patients’ life in the period of 30 days after the surgical intervention is significantly better in comparison to the patients treated by means of the classical operation method

Special Issue on 3D Information Technologies in Cultural Heritage Preservation and Popularization—Motivations, Works Overview, and the Future

Elements of cultural heritage preservation and popularization are defined in the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, which came into force in 1975 and obliges United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) member states to protect cultural and natural heritage [...

Scanning of Historical Clothes Using 3D Scanners: Comparison of Goals, Tools, and Methods

Due to the UN and EU’s strong interest in digitizing cultural heritage, the application of 3D scanning technology is gaining importance, even in the case of under-explored areas, such as the 3D scanning of historical clothes. This article discovers and compares methodologies of 3D scanning of historical clothes presented in the literature in order to determine if a new methodology is needed. PRISMA protocol was used to browse scientific sources in an organized way. We posed the following research question: How have 3D scanners been used to digitize historical clothes? The very limited number of works identified, despite our thorough search, allows us to conclude that this topic is very new, and a lot of research can be conducted in the future. We analyzed the methodologies proposed by other authors, taking into account factors such as what was scanned, what was the purpose of scanning, what hardware and software was used, how detailed the description was, etc. It was revealed that other authors explored the topic insufficiently and no complex and coherent methodology of 3D digitization of historical clothes is present. Generally, the field of 3D scanning of historical clothing remains, at this point, very small and fragmented. This work is one of steps to change it.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Problems of acquisition and postprocessing of 3D scans of large architectural objects

The article presents the 3D scanning methodology for large architectural objects, using stationary laser scanners in case of objects of cultural heritage. The developed methodology was tested in the field during 3D scanning of architectural monuments of the city of Samarkand in Uzbekistan. Particular attention is paid to technical and organisational problems of the 3D scanning process of architectural objects which appeared during the Second Scientific Expedition of the Lublin University of Technology to Central Asia. Next, methods for obtaining digital models adequate to the assumed archiving goals and dissemination of cultural heritage of Central Asia are presented. The described case study is, according to the authors, representative for 3D scanning of much-frequented architectural objects being monuments of great importance for cultural heritage

Documenting Archaeological Petroglyph Sites with the Use of 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanners—A Case Study of Petroglyphs in Kyrgyzstan

The use of 3D terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) in the documentation of archaeological sites is an effective method of collecting information about the area under study. The wide range of acquired data makes this method a versatile tool, and not limited only to documentation tasks. This article presents the possibilities of 3D TLS and their postprocessing software in the pioneering work related to the digitization of exhibits in The Petroglyphs of Cholpon-Ata Open-air Museum near Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan. A 3DScaMITE methodology adapted for that task is highlighted. The data obtained during the scanning were used to build high-accuracy 3D digital petroglyph models, together with their location within the open-air museum area. The acquired models also allowed a detailed analysis of the geometric parameters of the cavities forming the petroglyph figures. The results of the analysis confirmed the thesis about improper preservation of petroglyphs. It has been demonstrated in this way that the used TLS method is completely universal in documenting petroglyphs, including the location and shape of their place of creation, as well as creating a sufficiently accurate analysis of the structure of drawings

Documenting Archaeological Petroglyph Sites with the Use of 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanners—A Case Study of Petroglyphs in Kyrgyzstan

The use of 3D terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) in the documentation of archaeological sites is an effective method of collecting information about the area under study. The wide range of acquired data makes this method a versatile tool, and not limited only to documentation tasks. This article presents the possibilities of 3D TLS and their postprocessing software in the pioneering work related to the digitization of exhibits in The Petroglyphs of Cholpon-Ata Open-air Museum near Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan. A 3DScaMITE methodology adapted for that task is highlighted. The data obtained during the scanning were used to build high-accuracy 3D digital petroglyph models, together with their location within the open-air museum area. The acquired models also allowed a detailed analysis of the geometric parameters of the cavities forming the petroglyph figures. The results of the analysis confirmed the thesis about improper preservation of petroglyphs. It has been demonstrated in this way that the used TLS method is completely universal in documenting petroglyphs, including the location and shape of their place of creation, as well as creating a sufficiently accurate analysis of the structure of drawings

Structured-light 3D scanning of exhibited historical clothing—a first-ever methodical trial and its results

Abstract Historical costumes are part of cultural heritage. Unlike architectural monuments, they are very fragile, which exacerbates the problems of their protection and popularisation. A big help in this can be the digitisation of their appearance, preferably using modern techniques of three-dimensional representation (3D). The article presents the results of the search for examples and methodologies of implementing 3D scanning of exhibited historical clothes as well as the attendant problems. From a review of scientific literature it turns out that so far practically no one in the world has made any methodical attempts at scanning historical clothes using structured-light 3D scanners (SLS) and developing an appropriate methodology. The vast majority of methods for creating 3D models of clothes used photogrammetry and 3D modelling software. Therefore, an innovative approach was proposed to the problem of creating 3D models of exhibited historical clothes through their digitalisation by means of a 3D scanner using structural light technology. A proposal for the methodology of this process and concrete examples of its implementation and results are presented. The problems related to the scanning of 3D historical clothes are also described, as well as a proposal how to solve them or minimise their impact. The implementation of the methodology is presented on the example of scanning elements of the Emir of Bukhara's costume (Uzbekistan) from the end of the nineteenth century, consisting of the gown, turban and shoes. Moreover, the way of using 3D models and information technologies to popularise cultural heritage in the space of digital resources is also discussed

The changes of plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex in the patients with peripheral arterial disease undergoing surgical revascularization

In patients with severe lower limb ischemia the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems have been found to be activated preoperatively. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes of TAT level as a selected coagulation factor, before, during and after surgical revascularization and the analysis of the impact of coexisting diseases on the coagulation during the procedure. Material and methods. 50 patients with PAOD, in Fontaine stages IIb to IV (29 men and 21 women; median age 65.8 years, ASA II/III) undergoing elective surgical revascularization were studied. Two groups of patients were compared: 20 undergoing reconstruction on aorto-femoral and 30 on femoropopliteal level. Blood samples were collected 5 times: 24 hours before the operation; intraoperatively after artery exposure; after heparin administration and clamping; after reperfusion and -24 hours postoperatively. Results. Elevated values of TAT (10.5 g/l ±7.1) were found before the operation. The elevated value of TAT increased intraoperatively (25.1 g/l ±44.58; p<0.001) (norm 1-4.1 g/l) and maintaining higher levels after the surgery. The significant correlations between plasma level of TAT and ischemia degree were found. Also the correlation between intraoperative increase of TAT and the duration of surgery was noticed. No significant differences between two analysed groups were observed. Conclusions. The results indicate the activation of coagulation and prothrombotic state in the patients with advanced arteriosclerosis. During the surgical revascularisation permanent increase of activation of blood coagulation was observed. This activation depends on duration of the procedure and maintains increased one-day after the operation. Our findings may explain the unexpected occurrence of early thrombotic complications after technically successful vascular reconstructions

A Methodical Approach to 3D Scanning of Heritage Objects Being under Continuous Display

Three dimensional digitization of cultural heritage resources gains a lot of attention from the European Union and the United Nations, which is clearly revealed in current strategic goals and financing perspectives. Existing methodological approaches to 3D scanning in a prevailing number of cases assume that the procedure of scanning is performed in places that are closed to tourists, at least for the time of scanning. However, closing an exhibition for tourists or moving an artifact to be scanned is not always possible. Thanks to the long-term experience of the authors with 3D scanning of cultural heritage, the special procedure was designed for small and medium size objects to overcome difficulties expected in such cases. The procedure has been successfully implemented during 3D scanning of objects exhibited in the Silk Road region (on the territory of modern Uzbekistan), as well as objects being parts of wooden sacral architecture of the Maramures region (in Romania). It was revealed that the proposed procedure was successfully allowed to counteract organizational problems during 3D scanning of heritage objects being under continuous display, and that the achieved results of scanning were nevertheless of good quality