14. Search for improvement of the therapeutic ratio in radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

There are several approaches under investigation in view of improvement of the therapeutic ratio of NSCLC radiotherapy in our Department:1/ Dose escalation above 70 Gy using conformal radiotherapy techniques, 2/ accelerated radiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy addressed to III stage tumours, 3/ conformal postoperative radiotherapy to total minimum dose in PTV of 50 Gy addressed to completely resected III stage tumours.Ad 1/ From XI 1998 to XI 2000 43 patients were included in dose escalation study. Doses from 70 to 74 Gy were delivered. Apart from one toxic death, due to radiation pneumonitis, toxicity was acceptable. Since 1999 for NO patients the study of omission of elective irradiation is conducted. By the time being 10 patients were irradiated with omission of elective fields. There was no relapse in non-treated “elective areas”. The actuarial 1-, 2- and 3-year survival were respectively 84-, 64-, and 42%. There were 14 local relapses in 19 progressions observed in the entire group. In spite of encouraging results a high level of local relapses shows the limits of moderate dose escalation using conformal techniques and conventional fractionation in improvement of local control of NSCLC.Ad 2/ From III 1999 two different accelerated radiation therapy schedules are investigated for III stage tumours. Forty patients were enrolled in the study: 26 were irradiated according to accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (57 Gy in 40 fractions [first week: elective fields −1.2 Gy × 2 per day, 3 remaining weeks 1.8 Gy to elective fields and 1.2 Gy boost to tumour] during 26 days), 14 were irradiated according to accelerated conformal radiotherapy with concurrent boost (56.7 Gy in 21 fractions and 26 days: all treatment was conformally planned and delivered: 1,9 Gy per fraction to the limited elective field and 0.8 Gy as a concurrent boost to the GTV). There was no difference on compliance with treatment plan, toxicity and response rate (80- and 72%) in the both investigated groups.Ad 3/ From I 1999 eleven patients were enrolled in the phase II study of postoperative conformal radiotherapy of the region of the highest probability of microscopic invasion by the disease to the minimum dose of 50 Gy in PTV. The study is conducted in view of the future design of randomised study addressing question of the value of postoperative radiotherapy using modern techniques in management of NSCLC

40. Comparison of two accelerated radiotherapy regimens in management of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) – hyper-fractionated conventional accelerated radiotherapy (RAHIP) and accelerated conformal radiotherapy with concurrent boost (RT-BOOST)

BackgroundRepopulation during radiation therapy may compromise the results of the treatment of NSCLC. In spite of the data showing an improvement of therapeutic ratio with shortening of the total treatment time, there is no univoa.ue way of doing, it. Current study was conducted to compare two different regimens of accelerated radiotherapy.Material/MethodsFrom March 1999 to November 2000 forty patients with stage III NSCLC were included. Twenty-eight pts. (70%) received 3–4 cycles of induction chemotherapy (cis-platinum, vepeside). Twenty-six p. were treated according to RAHIP schema, 14 pts. according to RT-BOOST schedule. RAHIP consisted in radiotherapy twice-daily delivered: first week: 2×1,20 Gy “elective fields”, the remaining three weeks 1,80 Gy “elective fields” and 1,20 Gy boost on involved areas by oblique fields. Total dose was 57 Gy. Conventional treatment techniques were employed. RT-BOOST technique was conformally planned and delivered, total dose was 56,7 Gy in 21 fractions (per fraction: 1,9 Gy to limited elective areas and concurrent boost of 0,8 Gy to the GTV) and 26 days.ResultsWith a follow-up period ranging from 1 to 19 months, there is no difference in the compliance with the treatment-plan, treatment tolerance and response rate in the two analysed groups. In all but two patients treatment plan was realised. In RT-BOOST group treatment was discontinued in one patient, because of prolonged III° EORTC/RTOG oesophageal toxicity. In RAHIP group in one patient treatment was prolonged by 10 days because of pneumonitis (II° lung toxicity). One case of III° oesophageal toxicity was observed in each group. There was no increase in toxicity among patients receiving chemotherapy before radiotherapy. The response rate was similar in both analysed groups (RAHIP: 73% PR, 7,5%, CR; RT-BOOST: 65% PR, 7% CR). Estimated by Kaplan-Meier actuarial one-year survival rate method was 66% and actuarial one-year progression free-survival rate was 58% for the entire group.ConclusionsPreliminary results of accelerated radiotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC seem promising. Additionally a good compliance with the treatment in both groups allows to work out a phase III study dealing with this problem

14. Search for improvement of the therapeutic ratio in radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

There are several approaches under investigation in view of improvement of the therapeutic ratio of NSCLC radiotherapy in our Department:1/ Dose escalation above 70 Gy using conformal radiotherapy techniques, 2/ accelerated radiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy addressed to III stage tumours, 3/ conformal postoperative radiotherapy to total minimum dose in PTV of 50 Gy addressed to completely resected III stage tumours.Ad 1/ From XI 1998 to XI 2000 43 patients were included in dose escalation study. Doses from 70 to 74 Gy were delivered. Apart from one toxic death, due to radiation pneumonitis, toxicity was acceptable. Since 1999 for NO patients the study of omission of elective irradiation is conducted. By the time being 10 patients were irradiated with omission of elective fields. There was no relapse in non-treated “elective areas”. The actuarial 1-, 2- and 3-year survival were respectively 84-, 64-, and 42%. There were 14 local relapses in 19 progressions observed in the entire group. In spite of encouraging results a high level of local relapses shows the limits of moderate dose escalation using conformal techniques and conventional fractionation in improvement of local control of NSCLC.Ad 2/ From III 1999 two different accelerated radiation therapy schedules are investigated for III stage tumours. Forty patients were enrolled in the study: 26 were irradiated according to accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (57 Gy in 40 fractions [first week: elective fields −1.2 Gy × 2 per day, 3 remaining weeks 1.8 Gy to elective fields and 1.2 Gy boost to tumour] during 26 days), 14 were irradiated according to accelerated conformal radiotherapy with concurrent boost (56.7 Gy in 21 fractions and 26 days: all treatment was conformally planned and delivered: 1,9 Gy per fraction to the limited elective field and 0.8 Gy as a concurrent boost to the GTV). There was no difference on compliance with treatment plan, toxicity and response rate (80- and 72%) in the both investigated groups.Ad 3/ From I 1999 eleven patients were enrolled in the phase II study of postoperative conformal radiotherapy of the region of the highest probability of microscopic invasion by the disease to the minimum dose of 50 Gy in PTV. The study is conducted in view of the future design of randomised study addressing question of the value of postoperative radiotherapy using modern techniques in management of NSCLC

Comparative effectiveness of initial computed tomography and invasive coronary angiography in women and men with stable chest pain and suspected coronary artery disease: multicentre randomised trial

To assess the comparative effectiveness of computed tomography and invasive coronary angiography in women and men with stable chest pain suspected to be caused by coronary artery disease

Outsourcing of logistic services in the area of transport processes

W artykule omówiona została ogólna koncepcja outsourcingu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem outsourcingu w obszarze transportu. Zwrócona została uwaga na istotę podejmowania właściwych decyzji o sposobie funkcjonowania transportu głównie w firmach produkcyjnych, a także kryteria, którymi przedsiębiorstwa kierują się podejmując decyzje o zlecaniu części swoich procesów do realizacji firmom zewnętrznym. W artykule poza licznymi zaletami outsourcingu, wskazano ograniczenia z nim związane oraz podkreślone zostały pozytywne aspekty z wykorzystaniem własnego taboru do realizacji zadań transportowych.The article discusses the general concept of outsourcing, with particular emphasis on outsourcing in the area of logistics. The attention was paid to the essence of making the right decisions about the mode of transport operation mainly in manufacturing companies. It also presents the reasons that cause, that enterprises make decisions to outsource some of their processes to external companies. In addition to the numerous advantages of outsourcing, the article highlights the positive aspects of using your own rolling stock to carry out transport tasks and any restrictions associated with it

Outsourcing of logistic services in the area of transport processes

W artykule omówiona została ogólna koncepcja outsourcingu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem outsourcingu w obszarze transportu. Zwrócona została uwaga na istotę podejmowania właściwych decyzji o sposobie funkcjonowania transportu głównie w firmach produkcyjnych, a także kryteria, którymi przedsiębiorstwa kierują się podejmując decyzje o zlecaniu części swoich procesów do realizacji firmom zewnętrznym. W artykule poza licznymi zaletami outsourcingu, wskazano ograniczenia z nim związane oraz podkreślone zostały pozytywne aspekty z wykorzystaniem własnego taboru do realizacji zadań transportowych.The article discusses the general concept of outsourcing, with particular emphasis on outsourcing in the area of logistics. The attention was paid to the essence of making the right decisions about the mode of transport operation mainly in manufacturing companies. It also presents the reasons that cause, that enterprises make decisions to outsource some of their processes to external companies. In addition to the numerous advantages of outsourcing, the article highlights the positive aspects of using your own rolling stock to carry out transport tasks and any restrictions associated with it