Duplicated collecting system of a kidney complicated with hydronephrosis : diagnostic methods review : a case report

Background: Duplicated collecting system of a kidney occurs in 1.7-4.2% of the population. It is a complex, unilateral or bilateral, congenital abnormality of the pyelocalyceal system and the ureter. The 2 ureters fuse to form a single ureteral orifice or empty separately into the bladder (ureter duplex). Duplicated collecting systems with complete ureteric duplication may lead to developing vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and urinary infection. Case Report: This article presents a case of a 49-year-old woman with duplicated collecting system and hydronephrosis in the upper pole. The anomaly was diagnosed using urography, ultrasonography and computed tomography examination. Conclusions: The best method for diagnostics of the duplicated pyelocalyceal system complicated by hydronephrosis is computed tomography examination, especially multislice computed tomography. The authors present also the options for therapy

Anomalia tętnic wieńcowych jako rzadka przyczyna dławicy piersiowej

We present anomalous coronary artery as a rare cause of angina pectoris.Prezentujemy przypadek anomalii tętnic wieńcowych jako rzadkiej przyczyny dławicy piersiowej

Guz lewego przedsionka imitujący obraz kliniczny ostrej zatorowości płucnej

We present a case of left atrium tumor in computed tomography angiography images that imitated acute pulmonary embolism in the clinical picture.Przedstawiono przypadek guza lewego przedsionka w obrazach angiografii tomografii komputerowej, który klinicznie imitował ostrą zatorowość płucną

Giant intracranial arteriovenous malformation : a case report

Intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) occur in 0.5-1% of the population [1]. An arteriovenous malformation is a tangled cluster of vessels, in which arteries connect directly to veins with no intervening capillary bed. Because an intracranial hemorrhage, or, rarely, a seizure are the first clinical symptoms of AVMs, they are the most dangerous congenital vascular malformations [1, 3, 4, 5]. We report a case of a 37-year-old woman with a giant intracranial arteriovenous malformation, who complained of headache attacks. The lesion was diagnosed in computed tomography and computed angiotomography of the head. The first imaging study in patients with suspected AVM is usually CT or angio-CT. These studies are good for depicting an AVM, and they are relatively noninvasive. However, angiography used for the diagnosis and planned treatment is invasive. The authors present also the options for therapy

Obraz radiologiczny dużego potworniaka śródpiersia przedniego

Background: Teratomas belong to germ cell tumors. They are frequently found in gonads, but appear as well in mediastinum and other locations. They are usually benign. Case report: We present a case of a 51-year-old male patient with big teratoma in the anterior mediastinum, which was diagnosed a long time ago. This lesion was found on Computed Tomography examination, surgically resected and histopathologically confirmed. Conclusions: CT findings of teratomas are characteristic enough to allow a diagnosis of high probability. Surgical resection is a sufficient treatment

Giant congenital malformation of the perirectal plexus in computed tomography imaging : case report

Background: Congenital arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the pelvic area is uncommon in males. Case Report: The described case is of a giant lesion of this type that caused recurrent hemorrhaging in the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract. Preliminary diagnosis of vascular pathology was made on the basis of an endoscopic examination that revealed numerous pulsating protuberances of the rectal wall, in which blood flow was identified by means of transrectal ultrasonography. Complementing the diagnostics with a CT revealed a considerable extent of malformation, as well as its morphology and anatomical relations with the surrounding tissues. Results: Following a two-year follow-up period, the malformation did not progress or demonstrate any intensification of clinical symptoms, therefore the patient continues to undergo conservative treatment

Radiation Doses in Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

We discussed the contemporary views on the effects of ionising radiation on living organisms and the process of estimating radiation doses in CT examinations and the definitions of the CTDI, CTDIvol, DLP, SSDE, ED. We reviewed the reports from large analyses on the radiation doses in CT examinations of the coronary arteries prior to TAVI procedures, including the CRESCENT, PROTECTION, German Cardiac CT Registry studies. These studies were carried out over the last 10 years and can help confront the daily practice of performing cardiovascular CT examinations in most centres. The reference dose levels for these examinations were also collected. The methods to optimise the radiation dose included tube voltage reduction, ECG-monitored tube current modulation, iterative and deep learning reconstruction techniques, a reduction in the scan range, prospective study protocols, automatic exposure control, heart rate control, rational use of the calcium score, multi-slices and dual-source and wide-field tomography. We also present the studies that indicated the need to raise the organ conversion factor for cardiovascular studies from the 0.014–0.017 mSv/mGy*cm used for chest studies to date to a value of 0.0264–0.03 mSv/mGy*cm