Chemical composition and antifungal and antibacterial activity of Mentha spicata L. Volatile oil [Composición química y actividad antifúngica y antibacteriana del aceite volátil Mentha spicata L]

In this study, we researched the chemical composition and the antifungal and antibacterial activity of volatile oil from Mentha spicata. The Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of M. spicata showed that the main component was carvone (56.94%), followed by limonene (11.63%), sabinene hydrate (7.04%) and caryophyllene (4.06%). The antifungal activity of the volatile oil from M. spicata L. was determined with respect to plant pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Sacc.) W.C. Synder & H.N. Hans (FORL), Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn. (R. solani), Alternaria solani (A. solani), and Verticillium dahliae Kleb (V. dahliae). The volatile oil was shown to have strong antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. The result of the study was that at a dose of 12 µL petri-1, the volatile oil inhibited 100% of mycelium growth in V. dahliae, A. solani FORL and R. solani. Volatile oil exhibited remarkable activity against the selected bacterial strains of Xanthomonas spp. (ZI365, ZI366, ZI368, ZI370, ZI373, ZI375, ZI376, ZI378). © 2018, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomia e Ingenieria Forestal. All rights reserved

Investigations on the possibility to obtain mal secco (Phoma tracheiphila Kanc. et Ghik.) resistant varieties via protoplast fusion (somatic hybridization) in lemon [Protoplast fuzyonu (somatik hibridizasyon) ile limonda uçkurutan hastaligina (Phoma tracheiphila Kanc. et Ghik.) dayanikli bitkiler elde etme olanaklarinin araştirilmasi]

Protoplasts were isolated from cell suspension culture of Kütdiken (Citrus Iimon (L.) Burm. f.) and from the leaves of Zagara Bianca lemon (Citrus Iimon (L.) Burm. f.) varieties, and fused by using 40% polyethylen glycol (PEG: 6000 MW). Fusion products were cultured in the basal MT medium containing 0.6 M sucrose and 250 plants were regenerated from globuler embryos derived fusion products. Out of 250 regenerant plant, 150 plants showed root development out of which 100 plants were observed to have morphological differens from their parent plants. Genomic DNA was isolated for 37 of the 100 morphologically different plants and the DNAs of 12 samples were analysed for Kütdiken and Zagara Bianca specific RAPD markers by using two primers. The electroforesis of DNA samples showed that Kütdiken has 1 and 2, and Zagara Bianca has 3 and 4 specific bands in the case of E09 and P03 primers respectively. Among the twelve samples, only one fusion regenerant produced specific bands for both lemon varietes. Ploidy level of fusion regenerants was measured by flow cytometric analysis, the nuclear DNA contents 2C=0.74-0.78 pg of the parents were approximately half of the somatic hybrid plant 20=1.19-1.22 pg

Investigations of in vitro selection for salt tolerant lines in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.)

The present study was conducted to create new stable somaclonal variants of sour orange in citrus. Embryogenic calli of Citrus aurantium that used widely as a rootstock were successfully used in vitro selection for salt tolerance, Calli were cultured on basal MT medium containing three different concentrations of NaCl 100, 200 and 300 mmol. A great number of salt tolerant cell lines were isolated evaluating some morphological aspects of the callus material then, totally 67 plantlets were obtained from embryoids of these selected callus clusters from selective medium containing of 100 mmol NaCl. Further attempts should be made to support the level of salt tolerance through physiological and biochemical analysis. © 2009 Asian Network for Scientific Information